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\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)
PTHH:
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2 (1)
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (2)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Zn và Al
a. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,8\) (*)
Theo đề, ta có: 65x + 27y = 3,79 (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,8\\65x+27y=3,79\end{matrix}\right.\)
(Ra số âm, bn xem lại đề nhé.)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2|\)
2 3 1 3
a 0,6 1,5a
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2|\)
1 1 1 1
b 0,4 1b
b) Gọi a là số mol của Al
b là số mol của Mg
\(m_{Al}+m_{Mg}=20,4\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Al}.M_{Al}+n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}=20,4g\)
⇒ 27a + 24b = 20,4g (1)
The phương trình : 1,5a + 1b = 1(2)
Từ(1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
27a + 24b = 20,4g
1,5a + 1b = 1
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,4\\b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H2SO4\left(tổng\right)}=0,6+0,4=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{1}{0,2}=5\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a, \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: 40nNaOH + 56nKOH = 25,44 (1)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,3.0,9=0,27\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{KOH}=0,24\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\\m_{KOH}=0,24.56=13,44\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=300.1,14=342\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,27.98}{342}.100\%\approx7,74\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2\\ MgO+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,25(mol)\\ a,\begin{cases} \%_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,25.24}{14}.100\%=42,86\%\\ \%_{MgO}=100\%-42,86\%=57,14\% \end{cases}\\ b,n_{MgO}=\dfrac{14-0,25.24}{40}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \Sigma n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2+0,25=0,45(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,45.98}{200}.100\%=22,05\%\)
a, Ta có: 27nAl + 56nFe = 0,83 (1)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, nH2SO4 = nH2 = 0,025 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)
Zn+ H2SO4→ ZnSO4+ H2↑
(mol) 0,1 0,1 0,1
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(lít\right)\)
→mZn=n.M=0,1.65= 6,5(g)
→mCu= 10- 6,5= 3,5(g)
=> \(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{10}.100\%=65\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-65\%=35\%\)
b) \(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
a)\(Mg+H2SO4-->MgSO4+H2\)
x----------------------------------------------x(mol)
\(Zn+H2SO4--->ZnSO4+H2\)
y------------------------------------------y(mol)
\(nH2=\frac{1,568}{22,4}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
Theo bài ra ta có hpt
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=3,73\\x+y=0,07\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,02.24=0,48\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\)
b)\(n_{H2SO4}=n_{H2}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}=0,07.98=6,86\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4}=\frac{6,86.100}{15}=45,33\left(g\right)\)
c)\(H2SO4+2KOH-->K2SO4+2H2O\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H2SO4}dư=\frac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4}dư=0,01.98=0,98\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H2SO4bđ}=0,98+6,86=7,84\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH2SO4bđ}=\frac{7,84.100}{15}=53,267\left(g\right)\)
d) dd X gồm H2SO4 dư, MgSO4 và ZnSO4
\(m_{MgSO4}=0,02.120=2,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnSO4}=0,05.161=8,05\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}\) sau pư =\(m_{KL}+m_{ddHClbđ}-m_{H2}=3,73+53,267-0,14\)
\(=56,877\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H2SO4}dư=\frac{0,98}{56,877}.100\%=1,67\%\)
\(C\%_{MgSO4}=\frac{2,4}{56,877}.100\%=4,2\%\)
\(C\%_{ZnSO4}=\frac{8,05}{56,877}.100\%=14,15\%\)