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5.
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le1\)
\(P=\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{x}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{1-x+x}+\sqrt{1+x+x}=1+\sqrt{1+2x}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2\) khi \(x=0\)
6.
\(3=a^2+b^2+ab\ge2ab+ab=3ab\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
\(3=a^2+b^2+ab\ge-2ab+ab=-ab\Rightarrow ab\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\le ab\le1\)
\(a^2+b^2+ab=3\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=3-ab\)
Ta có:
\(P=\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-2a^2b^2-ab\)
\(P=\left(3-ab\right)^2-2a^2b^2-ab=-a^2b^2-7ab+9\)
Đặt \(ab=x\Rightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
\(P=-x^2-7x+9=21-\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\le21\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-3\) hay \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\) và hoán vị
\(P=-x^2-7x+9=1+\left(1-x\right)\left(x+8\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=1\) hay \(a=b=1\)
1. \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=6\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z+xy+yz+zx=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3\left(x+y+z\right)-18\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z+6\right)\left(x+y+z-3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}.3^2=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
2. Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(Q^2\le3\left(2a+bc+2b+ac+2c+ab\right)\)
\(Q^2\le6\left(a+b+c\right)+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(Q^2\le6\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le4\Rightarrow Q_{max}=4\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Ta có : \(P=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\ge\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
=> Min P = 3/2 "=" khi a = b = c = 2