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a, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\)
áp dụng tính chất dă y tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}=\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{c+2d}{2c-d}\) (ĐPCM)
b, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}\)
áp dụng tính chất dă tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3c\right)\left(b-d\right)=\left(b+3d\right)\left(a-c\right)\) (ĐPCM)
*a/b=c/d=k=>a=bk;c=dk
Thay a=bk vào 2a+3b/2a-3b=2bk+3b/2bk-3b=2k+3/2k-3
Tương tự thay c=dk vào 2c+3d/2c-3d=2dk+3d/2dk-3d=2k+3/2k-3
=>2a+3b/2a-3b=2c+3d/2c-3d
*a/b=c/d=>a/c=b/d=k
=>k^2=a^2/c^2=c^2/d^2=a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2 (1)
k^2=a/c.b/d=ab/cd (2)
Từ (1) và (2)=>ab/cd=a^2-b^2/c^2-d^2
*a/b=c/d=>a/c=b/d=k=a+b/c+d
=>k^2=(a+b/c+d)^2
k^2=a^2/c^2=b^2/d^2=a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2
=>(a+b/c+d)^2=a^2+b^2/c^2+d^2
Gọi \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\).\(\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
a)Ta có:\(\dfrac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\dfrac{2bk+3b}{2bk-3b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+3\right)}{b\left(2k-3\right)}=\dfrac{2k+3}{2k-3}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{2c+3d}{2c-3d}=\dfrac{2dk+3d}{2dk-3d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+3\right)}{d\left(2k-3\right)}\dfrac{2k+3}{2k-3}\)(2)
Từ (1),(2)ta có:\(\dfrac{2a+3b}{2a-3b}=\dfrac{2c+3d}{2c-3d}\)
b)Ta có:\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\times b}{dk\times d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1),(2) ta có:\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
c)Ta có:\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1), (2) ta có \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\)=\(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\)=\(\dfrac{ca}{c+a}\)
\(=>\)\(\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\)=\(\dfrac{b+c}{bc}\)=\(\dfrac{c+a}{ca}\)
\(=>\)\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)
\(=>\)\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)
\(=>\)\(\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(=>\)a=b=c
Vậy: M=\(\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+a^2+a^2}{a^2+a^2+a^2}\)
= 1
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3bk+5b}{3bk-5b}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
\(\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}=\dfrac{3dk+5d}{3dk-5d}=\dfrac{3k+5}{3k-5}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{3a+5b}{3a-5b}=\dfrac{3c+5d}{3c-5d}\)
b: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
c: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk-b}{bk+b}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk-d}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}\)
Bài 2:
Đặt a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
a: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk+b}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk+d}=\dfrac{k}{k+1}\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
b: \(\dfrac{7a^2+5ac}{7a^2-5ac}=\dfrac{7\cdot b^2k^2+5\cdot bk\cdot dk}{7\cdot b^2k^2-5\cdot bk\cdot dk}\)
\(=\dfrac{7b^2k^2+5bdk^2}{7b^2k^2-5bdk^2}=\dfrac{7b^2+5bd}{7b^2-5bd}\)(đpcm)
\(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}=\dfrac{bc}{b+c}=\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{b+c}{bc}=\dfrac{a+c}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\\\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{c}\\\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{1}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=c\\a=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Thay vào M ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{ab+bc+ac}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a.a+a.a+a.a}{a^2+a^2+a^2}=\dfrac{3a^2}{3a^2}=1\)
theo đề bài ta có:
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{ab+bc}=\dfrac{abc}{ab+ac}=\dfrac{abc}{bc+ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow ac+bc=ab+ac=bc+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
a/ Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(VT=\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk-b}{bk+b}=\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)\(\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk-d}{dk+d}=\dfrac{d\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
b/ Đặt :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(VT=\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)
\(VP=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)
a) Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)
Từ \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\)
b) Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\)
Từ \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{a+b}=\dfrac{2}{b+c}=\dfrac{1}{c+a}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{a+b}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2}{b+c}}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c+a}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{b+c}{2}=\dfrac{c+a}{1}\)Đặt:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{3}=\dfrac{b+c}{2}=\dfrac{a+c}{1}=t\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=3t\\b+c=2t\\a+c=t\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:\(a+b+b+c+c+a=3t+2t+t\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)=6t\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=3t\)
Nên:\(c=a+b+c-a-b=3t-3b=0\)
Thay vào \(A\) ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{a+b+3c}{a+b-2c}=\dfrac{a+b+0}{a+b-0}=\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}=1\)