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\(nAl=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mHCl=\dfrac{200.7,3\%}{100\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_2+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15 (mol)
LTL : 0,1 / 2 < 0,4/6
=> Al đủ , HCl dư
1. \(VH_2=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2. \(mH_2=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
mdd = mAl + mddHCl - mH2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,3 = 202,4 (g)
\(mH_2SO_{4\left(dưsaupứ\right)}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_2=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
\(C\%_{AlCl_2}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
`a)PTHH:`
`Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl_2 + H_2`
`0,2` `0,4` `0,2` `0,2` `(mol)`
`n_[Zn]=13/65=0,2(mol)`
`b)V_[H_2]=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)`
`c)m_[dd HCl]=[0,4.36,5]/5 . 100=292(g)`
`=>C%_[ZnCl_2]=[0,2.136]/[13+292-0,2.2].100~~8,93%`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.18,25}{100}=18,25\left(g\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,125 0,125 (mol )
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\\
\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{8,125}{8,125+18,25}.100\%=30,8\%\)
Bài 18:
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{8,125}{65}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=100.18,25\%=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,125}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,125.2=0,25\left(g\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Zn}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Có: m dd sau pư = 8,125 + 100 - 0,25 = 107,875 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.136}{107,875}.100\%\approx15,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.36,5}{107,875}.100\%\approx8,46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2,5.0,2=0,5mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 < 0,5 ( mol )
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
Chất dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,4\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
\(n_{Al}=\frac{2,7}{27}=o,1mol\)
n HCl = o,2 mol
2 Al +6 HCl →2AlCl3 + 3H2
bđ: 0,1
đang bận !
a) PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3 H2
b) nHCl=0,6(mol); nAl=0,3(mol)
Ta có: 0,3/2 > 0,6/6
=> HCl hết, Al dư, tính theo nHCl
c) nH2= 3/6 . nHCl=3/6 . 0,6= 0,3(mol)
=> V=V(H2,đktc)=0,3.22,4= 6,72(l)
mFe= 8,4/56= 0,15 mol
m HCl = 14,6/36,5=0,4 mol
PTHH: Fe +2HCl →FeCl2 +H2
Bđ: 0,15 0,4 0 0 mol
Pứ: o,15→0,3 0,15 0,15 mol
Sau pứ:0 0,1 0,15 0,15 mol
a. HCl dư: m =0,1.36,5=3,65 g
b. m FeCl2 = 0,15.127=19,05 g
c. m H2 = 0,15.2= 0,3 g
V H2= 0,15.22,4=3,36 (l)
pứ: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
b. nFe = \(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\)= 0,1 mol
Từ pt suy ra được: nHCl = 2.nFe= 0,2 mol
=> mHCl = 0,2. 36,5 = 7,3 g
c. nH2 = nFe = 0,1 mol
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (lít)
\(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{25,2}{126}=0,2(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{250.7,3\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,5(mol)\\ PTHH:Na_2SO_3+2HCl\to 2NaCl+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{Na_2SO_3}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}\) nên \(HCl\) dư
\(a,n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\)
\(b,\) Chất tan trong dd sau phản ứng là \(NaCl\)
\(c,n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,4.58,5=23,4(g)\)
a)
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
n Al = 2,7/27 = 0,1 mol
n HCl =200.7,3%/36,5 = 0,4(mol)
Ta thấy:
n Al / 2 = 0,05 < n HCl / 6 = 0,067 => HCl dư
n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,15(mol)
=> V H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 lít
b) n HCl pư = 3n Al = 0,3(mol)
=> n HCl dư = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1(mol)
m dd sau pư = m Al + m dd HCl - m H2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,15.2 = 202,4 gam
Vậy :
C% AlCl3 = 0,1.133,5/202,4 .100% = 6,6%
C% HCl dư = 0,1.36,5/202,4 .100% = 1,8%
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot7,3\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Al}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=2,7+200-0,15\cdot2=202,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot36,5}{202,4}\cdot100\%\approx1,8\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot133,5}{202,4}\cdot100\%\approx6,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)