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\(n_{XCl_3}=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 6HCl --> 2XCl3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{a}{M_X+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{X_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{b}{2.M_X+288}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2X + 3H2SO4 --> X2(SO4)3 + 3H2
=> \(n_X=\dfrac{b}{M_X+144}\left(mol\right)\)
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) ⇒ Fe hết, H2SO4 dư
PTHH:Fe + H2SO4 ----> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{H_2SO_4dư}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a. \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 1 : 1 (mol)
0,3 : 0,5 (mol)
-Chuyển thành tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\Rightarrow\)Fe phản ứng hết còn H2SO4 dư.
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(lt\right)}=n.M=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(tt\right)}-m_{H_2SO_4\left(lt\right)}=49-29,4=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b. -Theo PTHH trên: \(n_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.M=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mH2SO4 = m muối + mH2
⇒ m muối = 7,8 + 0,4.98 - 0,4.2 = 46,2 (g)
c, Gọi: nR = x (mol) → nAl = 2x (mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_R+\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=x+\dfrac{3}{2}.2x=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow x=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nR = 0,1 (mol)
nAl = 0,1.2 = 0,2 (mol)
⇒ 0,1.MR + 0,2.27 = 7,8 ⇒ MR = 24 (g/mol)
Vậy: R là Mg.
PTHH: \(X_aO_b+bH_2SO_4\rightarrow X_a\left(SO_4\right)_b+bH_2O\)
Giả sử \(n_{H_2SO_4}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=490\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{X_aO_b}=n_{X_a\left(SO_4\right)_b}=\dfrac{1}{b}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{X_a\left(SO_4\right)_b}=\dfrac{a.X}{b}+96\left(g\right)\\m_{X_aO_b}=\dfrac{a.X}{b}+16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{aX}{b}+96}{\dfrac{aX}{b}+506}=0,2264\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,7736aX}{b}=18,5584\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{aX}{b}\approx24\)
Với \(a=b\ne0\) thì \(X=24\) (Magie)
Vậy công thức oxit là MgO
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
mmuối = mkim loại + mSO4 = 12 + 0,2.96 = 31,2 (g)
Gọi: n là hóa trị của B
2B + nH2SO4 --> B2(SO4)n + nH2
2.52/B___________5.04B
mM= 5.04/B*(2B + 96n) = 6.84
=> B= 28n
n= 2 => B= 56 (n)
=> B: Fe