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\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(2M\right)}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(3M\right)}=0,15.3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(B\right)}=0,3+0,45=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddB}}=\dfrac{0,75}{0,2}=3,75M\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=0,15.2+0,05.3=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=150+50=200\left(ml\right)=0,2\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4\left(sau\right)}=C_{MddB}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,2}=2,25\left(M\right)\)
3.
\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2+0,4}=0,17M\)
\(n_{Cl^-}=2.0,5.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,4}=0,33M\)
\(n_{Na^+}=2.0,2.0,4=0,16\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,16}{0,2+0,4}=0,27M\)
\(n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,2.0,4=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2+0,4}=0,13M\)
4.
\(n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Cl^-\right]=\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15+0,05}=1,5M\)
\(n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,05.2,8=0,14\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{0,14}{0,15+0,05}=0,7M\)
\(n_{OH^-}=2.0,05.2,8=0,28\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,28}{0,15+0,05}=1,4M\)
câu 1 : ta có : \(\dfrac{2NaOH}{0,03}\dfrac{+}{ }\dfrac{H_2SO_4}{0,0225}\dfrac{\rightarrow}{ }\dfrac{Na_2SO_4}{ }\dfrac{+}{ }\dfrac{2H_2O}{ }\)
\(\Rightarrow NaOH\) phản ứng hết và \(H_2SO_4\) dư \(0,0075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{H_2SO_4}{0,0075}\dfrac{\rightarrow}{ }\dfrac{2H^+}{0,015}\dfrac{+}{ }\dfrac{SO_4^{2-}}{ }\) \(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,03}=0,5\)
vậy .................................................................................................
câu 2 : ta có : \(\dfrac{2KOH}{0,1}\dfrac{+}{ }\dfrac{H_2SO_4}{0,05}\dfrac{\rightarrow}{ }\dfrac{k_2SO_4}{0,05}\dfrac{+}{ }\dfrac{2H_2O}{0,1}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{chấtrắng}=m_{K_2SO_4}+m_{KOH_{dư}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow m_{KOH_{dư}}=m_{chấtrắng}-m_{K_2SO_4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{KOH_{dư}}=11,5-0,05.174=2,8\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KOH}=0,1.56+2,8=3,36\) \(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\)
\(\Rightarrow C_M=\dfrac{0,06}{0,15}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
vậy .................................................................................................
PT ion: H+ + OH- → H2O
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H^+}=0,05.0,5=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,05.0,52=0,026\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow OH^-dư0,001mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,001}{0,1}=0,01M\)
\(\Rightarrow pH=14+log\left(0,01\right)=12\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,2.0,3=0,06mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,05=0,01mol\)
2KOH+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)K2SO4+2H2O
\(\dfrac{0,06}{2}=0,03>\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\)
KOH dư, H2SO4 hết
\(n_{KOH}\left(pu\right)=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,02mol\)
\(n_{KOH\left(dư\right)}=0,06-0,02=0,04mol\)
Vdd=200+200=400ml=0,4 lít
\(C_{M_{KOH}}=\dfrac{n}{v}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,4}=0,1M\)
pH=14+lg[OH-]=14+lg0,1=13
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1mol\\ n_{K_2CO_3}=0,05.0,8=0,04mol\\ 2H^++CO_3^{2-}->H_2O+CO_2\\ n_{H^+dư}=0,1-0,08=0,02mol\\ C_{M\left(K^{^+}\right)}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,25}=0,32M\\ C_{M\left(H^{^+}dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,25}=0,08M\\ C_{M\left(Cl^{^{ }-}\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4M\)
PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot0,5\cdot2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) H+ còn dư 0,1 mol
\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,4\right)\approx0,4\)
Ráng làm mấy bài tồn đi, anh đi cv xíu nha