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Vì a+b+c=0
\(\Rightarrow a=-\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2=\left[-\left(b+c\right)\right]^2=b^2+2bc+c^2\)
Do đó \(\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-b^2-2bc-c^2}=-\frac{1}{2bc}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}=-\frac{1}{2ca}\) và \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}=-\frac{1}{2ab}\)
Do đó \(S=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=0\)
Sử dụng:
\(A^3+B^3+C^3-3ABC=\left(A+B+C\right)\left(A^2+B^2+C^2-AB-BC-AC\right)\) (1)
Áp dụng vào bài:
\(\left(a-1\right)^3+\left(b-2\right)^3+\left(c-3\right)^3-3\left(a-1\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-3\right)\)
\(=\left(a-1+b-2+c-3\right)\)[ \(\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-2\right)^2+\left(c-3\right)^2\)
\(+\left(a-1\right)\left(b-2\right)+\left(a-1\right)\left(c-3\right)+\left(b-2\right)\left(c-3\right)\)]
<=> \(0-3\left(a-1\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-3\right)=0\)
( vì \(a-1+b-2+c-3=a+b+c-6=6-6=0\))
<=> \(\left(a-1\right)\left(b-2\right)\left(c-3\right)=0\)
<=> a = 1 hoặc b = 2 hoặc c = 3.
Không mất tính tổng quát: g/s : a = 1
Khi đó: b + c =5
Ta có: \(T=\left(b-2\right)^{2n+1}+\left(c-3\right)^{2n+1}\)
\(=\left(b-2+c-3\right).A\)
\(=\left(b+c-5\right).A\)
\(=0.A=0\)
Với \(A=\left(b-2\right)^{2n}-\left(b-2\right)^{2n-1}\left(c-3\right)+\left(b-2\right)^{2n-2}\left(c-3\right)^2-...+\left(c-3\right)^{2n}\)
Tương tự b = 2; c= 3 thì T = 0.
Vậy T = 0.
1. Ta có : \(\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\); \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{ac}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\). Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=9\)
\(9\le3\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)a = b = c = 1
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=7\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2.\frac{a+b+c}{abc}=49\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=49\)