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a, \(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,2.0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,05.40=2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{MgCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{15\%}=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{200.16}{160.100}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.10}{40.100}=0,5mol\)
CuSO4+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Cu(OH)2\(\downarrow\)+Na2SO4
-Ta có tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\rightarrow\)CuSO4 hết, NaOH dư.
Cu(OH)2\(\overset{t^0}{\rightarrow}\)CuO+H2O
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2mol\)
a=\(m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16gam\)
\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.98=19,6gam\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(pu\right)}=2n_{CuSO_4}=0,4mol\rightarrow n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,4=0,1mol\)
\(m_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,1.40=4gam\)
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2mol\rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,2.136=27,2gam\)
\(m_{dd}=200+200-19,6=380,4gam\)
C%NaOH=\(\dfrac{4.100}{380,4}\approx1,05\%\)
C%Na2SO4=\(\dfrac{27,2.100}{380,4}\approx7,15\%\)
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{CuO}\\n_{NaOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{NaCl}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,2\cdot80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\\C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot40}{200}\cdot100\%=8\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,2=0,4(mol)\\ a,CuCl_2+2NaOH\to Cu(OH)_2+2NaCl\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ b,\dfrac{n_{CuCl_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\Rightarrow CuCl_2\text{ dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16(g)\\ c,n_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,4-0,2=0,2(mol)\\n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2(dư)}=0,2.135=27(g)\\ m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\)
a)\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,4.0,5=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
Mol: 0,2 0,4 0,2
⇒ \(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b)\(C_{M\left(ddNaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,3}=1,3\left(M\right)\)
c)\(PTHH:Cu\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\)
Mol: 0,2 0,2
=> mCuO = 0,2.80 = 16 (g)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=2.0,34=0,68(mol)\\ a,CuSO_4+2NaOH\to Na_2SO_4+Cu(OH)_2\downarrow\\ Cu(OH)_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CuO+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu(OH)_2}=0,68.98=66,64(g)\\ b,n_{CuO}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,68.80=54,4(g)\\ c,V_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{200}{1,25}=160(ml)\\ n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.32\%}{100\%.40}=1,6(mol)\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{CuSO_4}}{1}<\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{2}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH(dư)}=1,6-0,68.2=0,24(mol); n_{Na_2SO_4}=0,68(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C_{M_{NaOH(dư)}}=\dfrac{0,24}{0,16}=1,5M\\ C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,68}{0,16}=4,25M \end{cases}\)
a) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\)=> Sau phản ứng NaOH dư
\(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CuCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Dung dịch nước lọc gồm NaCl (0,4_mol); NaOH dư ( 0,1 mol)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)
\(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(a=m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{NaCl}=0,4.58,5=23,4\left(g\right);m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)