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a) 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O --> 2NaAlO2 + 3H2
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Fe=\dfrac{8}{15}.100\%=53,33\%\\\%Al=\dfrac{15-8}{15}.100\%=46,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sửa đề: 3,785 (l) → 3,7185 (l)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,7185}{24,79}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{40}.100\%=6,75\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=93,25\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{40.93,25\%}{102}=\dfrac{373}{1020}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{85}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{85}}{2}=\dfrac{106}{85}\left(l\right)\approx1247,06\left(ml\right)\)
d, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{212}{255}.133,5=\dfrac{9434}{85}\left(g\right)\)
e, \(C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{212}{255}}{\dfrac{106}{85}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow56x+160y=4,8\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\\ Cu+2FeCl_3\rightarrow CuCl_2+2FeCl_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu\left(dư\right)}=a-b=\dfrac{3,2}{64}=0,05\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{8}{135}\\b=\dfrac{1}{108}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%_{Fe}=\left(\dfrac{8}{135}\cdot56\right):4,8\cdot100\%\approx69,14\%\\\%_{Fe_2O_3}\approx30,86\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,n_{HCl}=6n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{18}\approx0,06\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,06}{1}=0,06\left(l\right)\)
a) Gọi `n_{Al} = a (mol); n_{Fe} = b (mol)`
PTHH:
`2Al + 3H_2SO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2`
`Fe + H_2SO_4 -> FeSO_4 + H_`
b) `n_{H_2} = (0,56)/(22,4) = 0,025 (mol)`
Theo PT: `n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} + 3/2 n_{Al}`
`=> b + 1,5a = 0,025`
Giải hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=0,83\\1,5a+b=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,01\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%=32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}=100\%-32,53\%=67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\\ a)ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\\ Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15
\(b)m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4g\\ m_{ZnO}=16,5-8,4=8,1g\\ c)n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1mol\\ ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,15+0,1}{2}=0,125M\\ d)Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\)
0,15 0,15 0,15 0,15
\(m_{rắn}=m_{ZnO}+m_{Cu}=8,1+0,15.64=17,7g\)
a) PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
_____0,02<---0,03<---------------------0,03
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,02.27}{2,16}.100\%=25\%\\\%Cu=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) mH2SO4 = 0,03.98 = 2,94 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(H_2SO_4\right)=\dfrac{2,94}{200}.100\%=1,47\%\)
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: x x
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=30,7\\x+y=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)\\y=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,3.65.100\%}{30,7}=63,52\%;\%m_{Fe}=100\%-63,52\%=36,48\%\)
b,
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,2 0,4
nHCl = 0,6+0,4 = 1 (mol)
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0,5\left(l\right)=500\left(ml\right)\)
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{1,792}{22,4} = 0,08(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 0,2(mol)$
$2Na + 2H_2O \to 2NaOH + H_2$
$Na_2O + H_2O \to 2NaOH$
$NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Na} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,16(mol)$
$2n_{Na_2O} + n_{Na} = n_{NaOH} = n_{HCl} = 0,2$
$\Rightarrow n_{Na_2O} = 0,02(mol)$
$\%m_{Na} = \dfrac{0,16.23}{5}.100\% = 73,6\%$
$\%m_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{0,02.62}{5}.100\% = 24,8\%$
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(2A1+2NAOH+2H_2O-2NaA10_2+H_2O\)
\(AI_2O_3=2NaOH+2NaOHA10_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{AI}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,6=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AI}=27.0,4=10,8\left(gam\right);mAI_2O_3=31,2-10,8=20,4\left(gam\right)\)
Biết làm mỗi câu A
\(n_{HCl}=0,14\cdot2=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
a) PTHH:
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a → 6a
\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
b → 2b
b) Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BTKL:160a+80b=8,8\\n_{HCl}=6a+2b=0,28\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,03\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{160\cdot0,03}{8,8}\cdot100\%\approx54,5\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}\approx100\%-54,5\%=45,5\%\)
Fe2O3+6HCl->2FeCl3+3H2O
x------------6x
CuO+2HCl->CuCl2+H2O
y------------2y
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}160x+80y=8,8\\6x+2y=0,28\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,03 , y=0,05
=>%m Fe2O3=\(\dfrac{0,03.160}{8,8}100=54,54\%\)
=>%m CuO=45,45%