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Mấy bài này đăng nhiều rồi bạn ;v
Bài 1: Nhân cả 2 vế cho a+b+c rồi rút gọn được đpcm
Bài 2: Thêm 1 rồi bớt 1 :v (x+y+xy+1-1)
Với điều kiện để x,y tồn tại:
Đặt t = b2 + c2 - a2 và k = 2bc
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{t}{k}\) và \(y=\dfrac{k-t}{k+t}\)
P = \(\dfrac{t}{k}+\dfrac{k-t}{k+t}+\dfrac{t\left(k-t\right)}{k\left(k+t\right)}\) ( Quy đồng mẫu số và thu gọn )
\(\Rightarrow\) P = 1
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
Xét biểu thức \(x+y+xy+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
Từ giả thiết suy ra \(x+1=\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}{2bc};y+1=\dfrac{4bc}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}\)
Do đó \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=2\Rightarrow xy+x+y+1=2\Rightarrow xy+x+y=1\)
A = x + y + xy
A = x( y + 1) + y
A = \(\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}\left(\dfrac{a^2-b^2+2bc-c^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}+1\right)+\dfrac{a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}.\dfrac{4bc}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}+\dfrac{a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}\)
A= \(\dfrac{2\left(b^2+c^2-a^2\right)+a^2-b^2+2bc-c^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{b^2+2bc+c^2-a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}=\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}=1\)
a: \(=\dfrac{1}{x-y}-\dfrac{3xy}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x-y}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+xy+y^2-3xy+x^2-2xy+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2x^2-4xy+2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
d: \(=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x-1}-\dfrac{x^2-1}{x+1}\)
\(=x^2+x+1-x+1=x^2+2\)
B1: a)\(xy\left(3x-2y\right)-2xy^2=3x^2y-2y^2x-2xy^2=3x^2y-4xy^2\)
b) \(\left(x^2+4x+4\right):\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)^2:\left(x+2\right)=\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{x^2}.\dfrac{x}{\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)x}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{x}\)
B2:
a)\(2x^2-4x+2=2\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=2\left(x-1\right)^2\)
b)\(x^2-y^2+3x-3y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\)
Mấy bài này là mấy bài rất rất rất cơ bản, học sinh TB cũng phải tự làm được, mấy bài kiểu này đừng nên đăng lên hỏi nha:vv
1.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\dfrac{a}{2a+a+b+c}=\dfrac{a}{25}.\dfrac{\left(2+3\right)^2}{2a+a+b+c}\le\dfrac{a}{25}\left(\dfrac{2^2}{2a}+\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}\right)=\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{b}{3b+a+c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}\)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+b+3c}\le\dfrac{2}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{6}{25}+\dfrac{9}{25}.\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
2.
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a;\dfrac{y}{y-1}=b;\dfrac{z}{z-1}=c\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x}{x-1}=a\Rightarrow x=ax-a\Rightarrow a=x\left(a-1\right)\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{a}{a-1}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(y=\dfrac{b}{b-1}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{c}{c-1}\)
Biến đổi giả thiết:
\(xyz=1\Rightarrow\dfrac{abc}{\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow abc=\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\left(c-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=a+b+c-1\)
BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(a+b+c-1\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
\(1.\)
\(a.\)
\(\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2}{x^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{1\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{2x^2-2}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}+\dfrac{x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{8+2x^2-2+x^3-x^2+3x-3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3+x^2+3x+3}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x^2+3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}\)
\(=x-1\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{x^2-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{2\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{x-y}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{2y^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}-\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4xy+4y^2}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{4y\left(x+y\right)}{2\left(x^2-y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{\left(x-y\right)}\)
Tương tự các câu còn lại
(x+1)(y+1)=xy+x+y+1 => P=xy+x+y= ( x+1)(y+1)-1
\(\left(x+1\right)=\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{\left(b+c+a\right)\left(b+c-a\right)}{2bc}\)
\(\left(y+1\right)=\dfrac{a^2-\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2}{\left(b+c+a\right)\left(b+c-a\right)}=\dfrac{4bc}{\left(b+c+a\right)\left(b+c-a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=\dfrac{4bc}{2bc}=2=>xy+x+y=2-1=1\)