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Câu 1 :
a, \(\frac{3}{x+3}-\frac{x-6}{x^2+3x}=\frac{3x-x+6}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2x+6}{x\left(x+3\right)}=\frac{2}{x}\)
b, \(\frac{2x^2-x}{x-1}+\frac{x+1}{1-x}+\frac{2-x^2}{x-1}=\frac{2x^2-x-x-1+2-x^2}{x-1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-2x+1}{x-1}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{x-1}=x-1\)
Bài 2 :
a, Với \(x\ne\pm2\)
\(A=\left(\frac{x}{x^2-4}+\frac{1}{x+2}-\frac{2}{x-2}\right):\left(1-\frac{x}{x+2}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+x-2-2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\right):\left(\frac{x+2-x}{x+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-6}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}.\frac{x+2}{2}=\frac{-3}{x-2}\)
b, Thay x = -4 vào biểu thức trên ta được :
\(-\frac{3}{-4-2}=-\frac{3}{-6}=\frac{1}{2}\)
c, Để A \(\inℤ\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(-3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
| x - 2 | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
| x | 3 | 1 | 5 | -1 |
\(A=\left(\frac{x+1}{x^3+1}-\frac{1}{x-x^2-1}-\frac{2}{x+1}\right)\div\left(\frac{x^2-2x}{x^3-x^2+x}\right)\)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne-1\\x\ne2\end{cases}}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}+\frac{1}{x^2-x+1}-\frac{2}{x+1}\right)\div\left(\frac{x\left(x-2\right)}{x\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}+\frac{1\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}-\frac{2\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\right)\div\frac{x-2}{x^2-x+1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+1+x+1-2x^2+2x-2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\right)\times\frac{x^2-x+1}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{-2x^2+4x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\times\frac{x^2-x+1}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{-2x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\frac{-2x}{x+1}\)
b) \(\left|x-\frac{3}{4}\right|=\frac{5}{4}\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{5}{4}\\x-\frac{3}{4}=-\frac{5}{4}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\left(loai\right)\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\left(nhan\right)\end{cases}}\)
Với x = -1/2 => \(A=\frac{-2\cdot\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{-\frac{1}{2}+1}=2\)
c) Để A ∈ Z thì \(\frac{-2x}{x+1}\)∈ Z
=> -2x ⋮ x + 1
=> -2x - 2 + 2 ⋮ x + 1
=> -2( x + 1 ) + 2 ⋮ x + 1
Vì -2( x + 1 ) ⋮ ( x + 1 )
=> 2 ⋮ x + 1
=> x + 1 ∈ Ư(2) = { ±1 ; ±2 }
| x+1 | 1 | -1 | 2 | -2 |
| x | 0 | -2 | 1 | -3 |
Các giá trị trên đều tm \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne-1\\x\ne2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy x ∈ { -3 ; -2 ; 0 ; 1 }
B1:dài quá :vv
B2:\(Q=\frac{x^2}{x^4+x^2+1}=\frac{x^2}{x^4+2x^2+1-x^2}=\frac{x^2}{\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2}=\frac{x^2}{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}.\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{2}{3}.\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(\frac{x}{x^2-x+1}=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2-x+1}{x}=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{x^2-x+1}{x}+2=\frac{3}{2}+2\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+x+1}{x}=\frac{7}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{x^2+x+1}=\frac{2}{7}\Rightarrow Q=\frac{2}{3}.\frac{2}{7}=\frac{4}{21}\)
3.
Ta có: \(a^5-a=a\left(a^4-1\right)=a\left(a^2-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)=a\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)
\(=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-4+5\right)=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-4\right)+5a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
\(=a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\left(a-2\right)\left(a+2\right)+5a\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)\)
Do a(a-1)(a+1)(a-2)(a+2) là tích của 5 số hạng liên tiếp nên chia hết cho 2,3 và 5
Lại có a(a-1)(a+1) là tích của 3 số hạng liên tiếp nên chia hết cho 2,3 suy ra 5a(a-1)(a+1) chia hết cho 2,3,5
Từ đó:a(a-1)(a+1)(a-1)(a+2)+5a(a-1)(a+1) chia hết cho 2,3,5 hay a(a-1)(a+1)(a-2)(a+2)+5a(a-1)(a+1) chia hết cho 30 \(\Leftrightarrow a^5-a\) chia hết cho 30
Tương tự ta có\(b^5-b\) chia hết cho 30, \(c^5-c\) chia hết cho 30
Do đó:\(a^5-a+b^5-b+c^5-c⋮30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5+b^5+c^5-\left(a+b+c\right)⋮30\)
Mà a+b+c=0 nên;
\(a^5+b^5+c^5⋮30\left(ĐCCM\right)\)
b. Sử dụng các hằng đẳng thức
\(a^3+b^3+c^2-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
và \(\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3=3\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\)
nên \(A=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
Do (a - b) + (b - c) + (c - a) = 0 nên áp dụng hđt \(X^2+Y^2+Z^2=-2\left(XY+YZ+ZX\right)\)khi X + Y + Z = 0, ta có:
\(A=-2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right).\)
Bài 1 :
\(b,ax^2+3ax+9=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2x+3ax+9-a^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ax\left(a+3\right)+\left(a+3\right)\left(3-a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+3\right)\left(ax+3-a\right)=0\)
Vì \(a\ne3\Rightarrow\left(a+3\right)\ne0\Rightarrow ax+3-a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ax=a-3\)
Vì \(a\ne0\Rightarrow x=\frac{a-3}{a}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2x}{x^2-4}+\frac{2}{2-x}+\frac{1}{x+2}\right):\left(x-2+\frac{5-x^2}{x+2}\right)\) ĐKXĐ : \(x\ne\pm2\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\frac{2\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\frac{x-2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\right):\left(\frac{x^2-4}{x+2}+\frac{5-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)
\(A=\left(\frac{2x-2x-4+x-2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\right):\left(\frac{x^2-4+5-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x-6}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}.\frac{x+2}{1}\)
\(A=\frac{x-6}{x-2}\)
a) \(A=\left(\frac{1}{1-x}+\frac{2}{x+1}-\frac{5-x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1\) )
\(=\left(\frac{x+1+2\left(1-x\right)-5+x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+1+2-2x-5+x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{-2}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\frac{2}{x^2-1}.\frac{x^2-1}{1-2x}=\frac{2}{1-2x}\)
b) Để x nhận giá trị nguyên <=> 2 chia hết cho 1 - 2x
<=> 1-2x thuộc Ư(2) = {1;2;-1;-2}
Nếu 1-2x = 1 thì 2x = 0 => x= 0
Nếu 1-2x = 2 thì 2x = -1 => x = -1/2
Nếu 1-2x = -1 thì 2x = 2 => x =1
Nếu 1-2x = -2 thì 2x = 3 => x = 3/2
Vậy ....
Câu 1:
\(A=\frac{x\left(1-x^2\right)}{1+x^2}:\left[\left(\frac{\left(1-x\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{1-x}+x\right)\left(\frac{\left(1+x\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{1+x}+x\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{x\left(1-x^2\right)}{x^2+1}:\left[\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{x\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+x\right)^2\left(x-1\right)^2}=\frac{x}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}=\frac{x}{x^4-1}\)
Câu 2: thay x vào A có :
\(A=\frac{-\frac{1}{2}}{\frac{1}{4}-1}=\frac{2}{3}\)
Câu c :
2A=1 => \(\frac{x}{x^4-1}=\frac{1}{2}\)ĐK \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne1\\x\ne-1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+x-1\right)=0\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-1\end{cases}}\)loại do điều kiện vậy ko có giá trị nào của x thỏa mãn