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\(a,\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow ab=c^2\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c^2}{b^2}\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\tođpcm\)
\(b,\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Leftrightarrow ab=c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a^2+ab}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b^2=ac\\c^2=bd\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{b^2}{c}\\d=\dfrac{c^2}{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{b^2}{c}:\dfrac{c^2}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{b^2}{c}.\dfrac{b}{c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{b^3}{c^3}=\dfrac{8b^3}{8c^3}=\dfrac{a^3}{b^3}=\dfrac{125c^3}{125d^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{d}=\dfrac{a^3+8b^3+125c^3}{b^3+8c^3+125d^3}\left(dpcm\right)\)
Ta có:
a/(1+b²) = a- ab²/(1+b²) ≥ a - ab/2 (do 1+b² ≥ 2b)
Tương tự ta có:
b/(1+c²) ≥ b- bc/2
c/(1+d²) ≥ c - cd/2
d/(1+a²) ≥ d - ad/2
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
VT = a/(1+b²) + b/(1+c²) + c/(1+d²) + d/(1+a²) ≥ (a+b+c+d) - (ab+bc+cd+da)/2
VT ≥ (a+b+c+d -ab+bc+cd+da)/2 + (a+b+c+d)/2
Ta có:
ab+bc+cd+da = (a+c)(b+d) ≤ [(a+b+c+d)/2]² = 4 = a+b+c+d
=> a+b+c+d ≥ ab+bc+cd+da
=> VT ≥ (a+b+c+d)/2 =2
Dấu = khi a=b=c=d=1
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ac}{ac+c^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a+c\right)}{c\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{c}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\Rightarrow ac=b^2\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ac}{ac+c^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a+c\right)}{c\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)
10. a) Ta có : (a + b)2 + (a – b)2 = 2(a2 + b2). Do (a – b)\(^2\) ≥ 0, nên (a + b)\(^2\) ≤ 2(a2 + b2).
b) Xét : (a + b + c)\(^2\) + (a – b)\(^2\) + (a – c)\(^2\) + (b – c)\(^2\)
. Khai triển và rút gọn, ta được : 3(a\(^2\) + b\(^2\) + c\(^2\)).
Vậy : (a + b + c)\(^2\) ≤ 3( a\(^2\) + b\(^2\) + c\(^2\)).
Cách khác : Biến đổi tương đương
a, \(\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\le2a^2+2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)luôn đúng
b, \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\le3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(Luôn đúng)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{8a}{8c}=\frac{9b}{9d}\)
áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{8a}{8c}=\frac{9b}{9d}=\frac{8a+9b}{8c+9d}=\frac{8a-9b}{8c-9d}\left(dpcm\right)\)
b) xem lại đề nha b