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\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{160}=0,095mol\\ CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4\)
0,095 0,19 0,095 0,095
\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,095.98=9,31g\\ V_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,19}{2}=0,095l\\ b)C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,095}{0,04+0,095}\approx0,7M\\ c)Cu\left(OH\right)_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}CuO+H_2O\)
0,095 0,095
\(m_{rắn}=m_{CuO}=0,095.80=7,6g\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{60,75}{135}=0,45mol\\ a)CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,45 0,9 0,45 0,9
\(b)m_X=m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,45.81=36,45g\\
c)m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,9.40}{15\%}\cdot100\%=240g\\
d)m_{ddNaCl}=60,75+240-36,45=264,3g\\
C_{\%NaCl}=\dfrac{0,9.58,5}{264,3}\cdot100\%=19,92\%\\
e)n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{245.20\%}{100\%.98}=0,5mol\\
H_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\\
\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,45}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4.dư\)
\(\Rightarrow\)Dung dịch acid \(H_2SO_4\) làm tan hết chất X\(\left(Cu\left(OH\right)_2\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{32,4}{27}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3CuCl2 --> 2AlCl3 + 3Cu
_____1,2--->1,8-------->1,2----->1,8
=> mCu = 1,8.64 = 115,2 (g)
b) \(V_{ddCuCl_2}=\dfrac{1,8}{1,5}=1,2\left(l\right)\)
c) \(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow3NaCl+Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)
\(Al\left(OH\right)_3+NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+2H_2O\)
a) \(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
Mol: 0,2 0,1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ NaOH hết, H2SO4 dư
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
b) Vdd sau pứ = 0,2 + 0,15 = 0,35 (l)
\(C_{M_{ddNa_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,35}=\dfrac{2}{7}\approx0,2857M\)
\(C_{M_{ddH_2SO_4dư}}=\dfrac{0,3-0,1}{0,35}=\dfrac{4}{7}\approx0,57M\)
mNaOH=11(g) -> nNaOH= 0,275(mol)
mH3PO4=9,8(g) -> nH3PO4=0,1(mol)
Ta có: 2< nNaOH/nH3PO4 = 0,275/0,1=2,75< 3
=> P.ứ kết thúc thu được hỗn hợp dd Na3PO4 và Na2HPO4
PTHH: 3 NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na3PO4 + 3 H2O
3x_____________x________x(mol)
2 NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na2HPO4 +2 H2O
2y_____y__________y(mol)
mddX=55+24,5=79,5(g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=0,275\\x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,075\\y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mNa3PO4=0,075.164=12,3(g)
mNa2HPO4=142.0,025=3,55(g)
=>C%ddNa3PO4=(12,3/79,5).100=15,472%
C%ddNa2HPO4=(3,55/79,5).100=4,465%
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{55\cdot20\%}{40}=0,275\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_3PO_4}=\dfrac{24,5\cdot40\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Tạo HPO42- và PO43-
PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_3PO_4\rightarrow Na_2HPO_4+2H_2O\)
2a_______a___________a_______2a (mol)
\(3NaOH+H_3PO_4\rightarrow Na_3PO_4+3H_2O\)
3b_______b_________b______3b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a+3b=0,275\\a+b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,025\\b=0,075\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Na_2HPO_4}=\dfrac{0,025\cdot142}{55+24,5}\cdot100\%\approx4,47\%\\C\%_{Na_3PO_4}=\dfrac{0,075\cdot164}{55+24,5}\cdot100\%\approx15,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. \(n_{CaCl_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl\downarrow+Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
0,4------------------->0,8
`=>` \(m_{AgCl}=0,8.143,5=114,8\left(g\right)\)
2. \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{270.10\%}{135}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{50.16\%}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(CuCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
ban đầu 0,2 0,2
phản ứng 0,1<------0,2
sau phản ứng 0,1 0 0,1 0,2
mdd sau phản ứng = 270 + 50 - 0,1.98 = 310,2 (g)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.135}{310,2}.100\%=4,352\%\\C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,2.58,5}{310,2}.100\%=3,772\%\\\end{matrix}\right.\)