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1. Gong culture can be found in ___________. A. Kon Tum B. Kon Tum and Gia Lai C. Central Highlands D. highlands in Viet Nam
2. It is though that the gong sounds can help us _____________. A. have a relation with the gods B. enjoy ourselves C. communicate with nature D. harvest crops
3. All of the following statements are true except that ___________.
A. the matter whether males or females play gongs depends on the ethnic groups B. the diameter of gongs can be varied C. a set of gongs is not more than 10 units D. the gongs are made of bronze
4. Gongs are believed to have a sacred power because ___________. A. the gong is older than a god B. a god will make gongs more powerful C. the statement was made D. they are associated to all events in one’s life
5. The word “inauguration” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _______. A. building B. finding C. sale D. opening
The space of gong culture in Central Highlands of Viet Nam covers 5 provinces of Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Dak Lak, Dak Nong and Lam Dong. The masters of gong culture are the ethnic groups of Ba Na, Xo Dang, M’Nong, Co Ho, Ro Mam, E De, Giarai… The gong performances are always closely tied to community cultural rituals and ceremonies of
the ethnic groups in Central Highlands. Many researchers have classified gongs as ceremonial musical instrument and the gong sounds as a means to communicate with deities and gods.
The gongs are made of bronze. Their diameter is from 20 cm to 60cm or from 90cm to 120cm. A set of gongs consists of 2 to 12 or 13 units and even to 18 or 20 units in some places.
In most of the ethnic groups, namely Giarai, Ede Kpah, Ba Na, Xo Dang, Brau, Co Ho, etc., only males are allowed to play gongs. However, in others such as Ma and M’Nong groups, both males and females can play gongs. Few ethnic groups (for example, E de Bih), gongs are performed by women only.
As for the majority of ethnic groups in Central Highlands, gongs are musical instruments of sacred power. It is believed that every gong is the settlement of a god who gets more powerful as the gong is older. Therefore, gongs are associated to all events in one’s life, such as the inauguration of new houses, funerals, buffalo sacrifice, new harvest, ceremony to pray for people’s and cattle’s health, ceremony to see off soldiers to the front, and the victory celebration.
(from, together, festival, decorated, called, and, who, on)
Mexico Day of The Dead
The Day of the Dead (or El Día de los Metros) is celebrated..on.....the 1st and 2nd of November every year in Mexico, the USA and Canada. The Day of the Dead is also sometimes.....called.....All Soul's Day.
The Day of the Dead is a lively..and.....happy festival. During the holiday, family members gather....together...to pray for deceased family and friends, and to remember them
Mexican traditions connected with the holiday include building elaborately decorated altars or shrines(called offenders) in homes to honor loved ones..who....have died, and decorating altars with photographs, skulls made....from..sugar, scented candles, and offerings of favorite foods and drinks for deceased relatives and friends.
Graves and altars are....decorated...with orange or yellow marigolds during the..festival..., as marigolds are thought to attract the souls of the dead. Mnay people believe that it is, easier for the souls of the departed to visit the living on the Day of the Dead.
1)When is the Day of the Dead celebrated?
It is celebrated on the 1st and 2nd of November.
2)Is the Day of the Dead a happy or boring festival?
It is a happy festival.
3)What do family remembers do during the holiday?
They gather together to pray for deceased family and friends, and to remember them
4)What do many people believe?
They believe that decorating graves and altars with orange or yellow marigolds during the festival is easier for the souls of the departed to visit the living on the Day of the Dead.
..is celebrated on the 1st and 2nd..
..sometimes called All..
..lively and happy..
..gather together to pray..
..loved ones who have died..
..skulls made from sugar..
..Graves and altars are decorated with..
..during the festival,..
1) Day of the Dead celebrated on the 1st and 2nd of November every year
2) Day of the Dead is a happy festival
3) Family members gather together to pray for deceased family and friends, to remember them
4) Many people believe that the decoration is easier for the souls of the departed to visit the living on the Day of the Dead
recycling/ nothing/ list/ vegetables/ something/ save/ trouble/ polluting/ taking. Our environment is in (1)trouble. Modern ways of living and today’s industries are (2)polluting it. Most people think there is (3) nothing they can do. This is not true. Everyone can do something to help (4) save our environment. Here is a (5)list of things you can do.
-
- Help to cut pollution by (6)taking the bus to work instead of your car.
- Buy fruit and (7) vegetables that have not been treated with pesticides.
- Recycle all your cans, bottles and paper. There should be a (8) recycling center somewhere near your home, so take them there.
Our environment is in trouble. Modern ways of living and today’s industries are polluting it. Most people think there is nothing they can do. This is not true. Everyone can do something to help save our environment. Here is a list of things you can do.
- Help to cut pollution by taking the bus to work instead of your car.
- Buy fruit and vegetables that have not been treated with pesticides.
- Recycle all your cans, bottles and paper. There should be a recycling center somewhere near your home, so take them there.
Most of the world’s energy comes from the sun. The sun’s energy is in wood, oil, and other things that people use for energy.
VI. Read the text then answer true or false
People use many sources of energy. Ancient people used only their arms, hands, and simple tools until they discovered fire. Later, people learned to use the energy of the wind to sail ships. Then they learned to use animals to do work. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, people began to use machines. The first machines used steam. They burned coal to heat water. The hot water turned into steam, and the steam engine did the work. Later, people began to use the gasoline engine, and today people are using nuclear energy. Energy is one of the basic concepts, or ideas, of physics. It is the ability to do work. Without energy we could live. We need energy to work, and scientists are always looking for new sources of energy.
1. None of the world’s energy comes from the sun. F
2. Wind, steam, and gasoline are sources of energy. T
3. People have never used nuclear energy. F
4. Energy is the ability to do work. T
5. We need new sources of energy. T
1. Why do British people spend a lot of time at home?
A. Because the climate is very good. B. Because they don’t know where to go.
C. Because the climate is not very good. D. Because they want to stay at home.
2. The heat go out of the house through ______.
A. the windows and up the chimney. B. the windows, the doors and up the chimney.
C. the doors and up the chimney. D. the walls and up the chimney.
3. Because of ________,people in Britain have to spend a lot of money on heating.
A. cold weather B. cool weather
C. hot weather. D. bad weather
4. Houses without central heating often have _______.
A. only coal fires B. gas or coal fires
C. electric or coal fires D. gas, electric or coal fires
5. New houses usually have _______ in the windows to stop the heat going out.
A. one layers of glass B. two layers of glass
C. three layers of glass D. two layers of gas
NGÀY TƯỞNG NIỆM NGÀY NAY, 11 tháng 11, là ngày mà người dân Anh nhớ đến những người lính đã chết trong Thế chiến thứ nhất (1914 - 1918), Chiến tranh thế giới thứ hai (1939 - 1945) và tất cả các cuộc chiến khác kể từ đó. Ngày Poppy đầu tiên là vào năm 1921. Chiến tranh thế giới thứ nhất đã kết thúc ba năm trước đó, nhưng vẫn rất khó khăn, thậm chí là không thể đối với các cựu binh ở Anh để tìm việc làm. Vì vậy, một số trong số họ bắt đầu làm và bán anh túc giấy đỏ. Họ đã đưa số tiền mà họ quyên góp cho những cựu binh bị tàn tật hoặc thất nghiệp, và cho gia đình của những người lính đã chết. Sự lựa chọn của hoa là rất quan trọng. Trong chiến tranh, những người lính đã nhận thấy cây anh túc mọc hàng năm trên các chiến trường ở Bỉ và phía bắc nước Pháp. Một bài thơ nổi tiếng từ thời đó, được viết bởi một người lính Canada, bắt đầu bằng những dòng: Trong cánh đồng Flanders * anh túc thổi Giữa các thập giá, hàng trên hàng, Điều đó đánh dấu vị trí của chúng tôi *; Giáo dục Trong những ngày trước Ngày Poppy, khoảng 32 triệu người ở Anh mua và mặc những cây anh túc nhỏ. Một số người chọn mặc anh túc trắng vì họ nghĩ rằng màu trắng tượng trưng cho hòa bình. Sau đó, vào lúc 11 giờ sáng ngày 11 tháng 11 (tại thời điểm Thế chiến thứ nhất kết thúc), có một khoảng lặng hai phút. Nhiều người dừng lại và suy nghĩ lặng lẽ về những người lính đã chết. Có những nghi lễ tại đài tưởng niệm chiến tranh ở các thị trấn và làng mạc trên cả nước. Buổi lễ quan trọng nhất là ở London, khi Nữ hoàng và Thủ tướng đặt vòng hoa anh túc tại Cenotaph, một tượng đài cho những người lính đã chết trong trận chiến. * (Flanders = phía bắc của Bỉ; vị trí của chúng tôi = ngôi mộ của chúng tôi)