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. What can the animals or the leaves in the pictures do that people can't? Name some things people have invented to make up for what they cannot do. Discuss your ideas with a partner and then read the text.
(Động vật hay loài cây trong ảnh có thể làm gì mà con người không thể làm? Kể tên những điều con người đã phát minh ra để bù đắp lại những điều họ không thể làm. Thảo luận ý kiến của bạn với một người bạn và đọc bài viết.)
People often use the natural world as inspiration for their inventions. By observing animals and plants, they design new products to serve humans. Here are some examples.
Animals can do many things humans cannot, flying or staying underwater for a long time. The aeroplane, with its swings and shape imitating those of a bird, is one of the greatest inventions in our history. Thanks to it, people can travel long distances in the air. This has helped to develop trade and tourism. The submarine, which can travel
underwater, imitates a dolphin's shape. Submarines are very useful for scientists to learn about the undersea world. Plants around us are also great sources of ideas for other wonderful inventions. The self-cleaning glass window and the fabric used to make umbrellas are both inspired by the smooth leaves of a lotus plant, with their ability to wash away dirt in the rain. Another product is Velcro. This hook-and-loop fastener was invented after a Swiss engineer observed how the seeds of a plant clung to his clothing. He then made two fabrics sk together thanks to the hooks on one surface and the loops on the other. Since then, Velcro has gradually become a familiar fastener for shoes, jackets, and even spacesuits.
It is definitely true that nature has inspired numerous inventions and technologies. Scientists and inventors have tried to imitate something in nature in an effort to create better, stronger, safer tools and devices for our everyday life.
Tạm dịch:
Con người thường dùng thế giới tự nhiên như một nguồn cảm hứng cho những phát minh của họ. Bằng cách quan sát động vật và cây cối, con người thiết kế những sản phẩm để phục vụ loài người. Đây là một vài ví dụ.
Động vật có thể làm nhiều điều mà con người không thể làm, như bay hay sống trong nước trong thời gian dài. Máy bay, với cánh và hình dạng mô phỏng của loài chim, là một trong những sáng chế vĩ đại nhất trong lịch sử của chúng ta. Nhờ vào nó, con người có thể di chuyên những khoảng cách dài bằng đường hàng không. Điều này đã giúp phát triển thương mại và du lịch. Tàu ngầm, có thể chạy dưới nước, bắt chước hình dạng của cá heo. Tàu ngầm rất hữu ích cho các nhà khoa học nghiên cứu thế giới đại dương.
Cây cối xung quanh chúng ta cũng là những nguồn ý tưởng dồi dào cho những phát minh tuyệt diệu khác. Cửa sổ kính tự làm sạch và sợi vải được dùng làm ô đều được gợi ý tưởng bằng những chiến lá sen mềm mại, với khả năng làm sạch chất bẩn trong mưa. Một sản phẩm khác là khóa kéo. Loại khóa móc và vòng này được phát minh sau khi một kĩ sư người Thụy Sĩ quan sát cách những hạt giống bám chặt vào quần áo ông ấy. Sau đó ông làm 2 mảnh vải dính với nhau nhờ vào những cái móc trên bề mặt mảnh vải này và những cái vòng trên bề mặt mảnh vải kia. Kể từ đó, khóa kéo dần trở nên quen thuộc dùng cho giày, áo khoác, thậm chí là đồ du hành vũ trụ.
Chắc chắn rằng thiên nhiên đã khơi nguồn cảm hứng cho rất nhiều sáng chế và công nghệ. Các nhà khoa học và phát minh đã cố để mô phỏng một vài thứ trong thiên nhiên với mong muốn tạo ra những công cụ và thiết bị tốt hơn, chắc chắn hơn và an toàn hơn cho cuộc sống hằng ngày của chúng ta.
UNIT 12
MUSIC
I. Comlete sentences with Wh-questions:
1. _______what_____ do you usually eat for breakfast? - Toast and eggs.
2. _____where_______ does Peter come from? - London.
3. _______who_____ do you usually have lunch with? - My friends.
4. _______when_____ do they go to school? - In the morning.
5. _____how_______ does Mary come to class? - By bus.
6. _______what time_____ do your sister and you usually get up? - Ten o' clock.
7. _______which_____ ice cream does Johnny like? - Chocolate.
8. ____whose________ cap do you often borrow? - My brother' s (cap).
9. ___why____ does she sometimes come to work late? - Because she misses the train.
10. _______how often_____ do you go shopping? - Once a week.
10. _______whose______ papers are these? Not mine.
II. Choose the best answer:
1. _____________ are you going? Out.
A. Why B. Where C. Whose D. Which
2. _____________ the matter? I don't feel well.
A. How's B. When's C. What's D. Who's
3. _____________ one do you want? The blue one, please.
A. Who B. Which C. When D. How
4. _____________ students want to come? Only John and Adam.
A. Why B. Which C. Whose D. Where
5. _____________ will he go ? By ship ,I think
A. How B. Who C. What D. When
6. _____________ is he? In the garden, I think.
A. Who B. How C. Where D. What
7. _____________ is he? Oh, that's John.
A. Who B. What C. How D. Where
8. _____________ are you so happy? I've got a new job.
A. When B. Why C. What for D. What
9. _____________ wants to come? We all do.
A. Who B. When C. How D. What
10. _________ hat is that? Mary's, I think.
A. Whose B. When C. What D. Why
11. ___________ do you want? – A box of chocolates.
A. What B. Which C. Who D. How
12. ________________ is this building? – It’s about two hundred years olD.
A. How long B. How far C. How old D. How
13. ________________ money do you earn? – About £250 a week.
A. How much B. What C. How many D. Which
14. ___________ bag are you carrying? – Judy’s.
A. Which B. What C. Who’s D. Whose
15. ____________ first stepped on the moon? – Neil Amstrong, wasn’t it?
A. Whose B. Who C. Where D. When
16. ___________ is your new school like ? – It’s very big and friendly.
A. What B. How C. Where D. Which
17. ___________ is it to the post office? – About two hundred meters.
A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How much
18. ____________ is your national flag? – Red and yellow.
A. What B. Which of color C. What color D. Which
19. _____________ do you take a holiday? – Once a year.
A. When B. How long C. What time D. How often
20. __________ is Greg like? – He’s tall and thin with brown hair.
A. What B. How C. Who D. Whom
III. Complete the sentences:
1. Which soup/ you/ like? - I / like/ chicken soup.
==>Which soup do you like ? - I like chicken soup.
2. Where/ Ann/ usually go/ in the evening? - She/ usually/ go/ to the cinema.
==>Where does Ann usually go in the evening? - She usually goes to the cinema.
3. Who/ Carol and Bill / visit/ on Sundays? - They/ visit/ their grandparents.
==>Who do Carol and Bill visit on Sundays ? - They visit their grandparents.
4. What/ David/ usually drink/ with/ his breakfast? - He/ usually/ drink/ coffee.
==>What does David usually drink with his breakfast? - He usually drinks coffee.
5. When/ you/ watch TV? - I/ watch TV/ in the evening.
==>When do you watch TV? - I watch TV in the evening.
6. Why/ Rachel/ stay/ in bed? She/ stay/ in bed/ because/ she/ be/ sick.
==>Why does Rachel stay in bed? - She stays in bed because she is sick.
7. How/ you/ go/ to the office? - I/ go/ to the office/ by bicycle.
==>How do you go to the office? - I go to the office by bicycle.
8. Whose laptop/ your sister/ carry? - She/ carry/ mine.
==>Whose laptop does your sister carry? - She carries mine.
IV. Find the wrong errors and correct:
1. What does you like?
==> What do you like ?
2. Whoes computer do they often use?
==> Whose computer do they often use ?
3. Where do that boy come from?
==> Where does that boy come from ?
4. When you do go to the office?
==> When do you go to the office ?
5. Does why your brother like that film?
==>Why does your brother like that film ?
6. Who you usually study with?
==> Who do you usually study with ?
7. How does Susan comes home?
==>How does Susan come home ?
8. Does Roger play tennis how often?
==> How often does Roger play tennis ?
V. Make questions for the underlined words or phrases:
1. The dictionary is 200,000dong
=> How much is this dictionary?
2. I made it from a piece of wood
=> What did you make it from ?
3. She bought it at the shop over there
=> Where did she buy it ?
4. No, I wasn’t. (I was tired after the trip.)
=> Were you tired after the trip ?
5. It took her three hours to finish the composition.
=> How long did it take her to finish the composition ?
6. I need a phone card to phone my parents
=> Why do you need a phone card ?
7. It’s about 1,500 km from Hue to Ho Chi Minh City.
=> How far is it from Hue to Ho Chi Minh City ?
8. The bank is opposite the restaurant
=> Where is the bank ?
9. The dress looked very nice
=> How did the dress look like ?
10. I saw her last night
=> When did you see her ?
11. Her neighbor gave her a nice dress
=> What did her neighbor give her ?
12. They returned to America two weeks ago
=> When did they return to America ?
13. Mrs. Robinson bought a poster
=> What did Mrs. Robinson buy ?
14. My father was in Ha Noi last month
=> Where was your father last month ?
15. He traveled to NhaTrang by coach
=> How did he travel to Nha Trang ?
16. She went to the doctor because she was sick.
=> Why did she go to the doctor ?
17. Nam left home at 7 o’clock yesterday
=> What time did Nam leave home yesterday ?
18. He taught English in the high school
=> What did he do in the high school ?
19. The homework was very difficult yesterday.
=> How was the homework yesterday ?
20. She often does the housework after doing exercises.
=> When does she often do the housework ?
21. They are planting some roses in the garden.
=> How many roses are they planting in the garden ?
22. Liz will send these letters to her friends
=> Who will Liz send these letters to ?
23. My favorite subject is Math
=> What is your favorite subject ?
24. Yes, we do. (We have magazines and newspapers)
=> Do you have magazines and newspapers ?
25. I often listen to music in my free time
=> What do you often do in your free time ?
26. Yes, he is. (He is good at drawing)
=> Is he good at drawing ?
27. She learns about computers in computer science class.
=> What does she learn about in computer science class ?
28. My mother is cooking in the kitchen at the moment.
=> What is your mother doing in the kitchen at the moment ?
29. Lan likes playing table tennis
=> What does Lan like playing ?
30. I go to the movies twice a week
=> How often do you go to the movies ?
31. They go to the beach on the summer holidays.
=> When do they go to the beach ?
32. They stay in a hotel.
=> Where do they stay ?
1. The last time she had swim was ten years ago
→→She hasn't....swum for ten years.......
2. I have never met such a famous person before
→→It is........the first time I have ever met such a famous person........
3. I last saw him when I was a student
→→I haven't......seen him since I was a student.....
4. I haven't come there for two years
→→I last........came here two years ago.....................
5. I have studied EL for 7 years
→→I started.........studying EL 7 years ago..................
6. I haven't read this kind of book before
→→This is.....the first time I have read this kind of book....
7. My family moved to HCM city 10 years ago
→→It is.....1o years since my family moved to HCM city......
8. The last time I went to meet Helen was over a year ago
→→It...over a year ago sice I last went to meet Helen...
- I haven't..met Helen for a year .......
9. My father is the most generous person I've ever meet
→→I've nver.........met a more generous person than my father.........
10. I last saw hm when I was a students→→I haven't.....seen him since I was a students...........
11. No one has played this kind of music before
→→This is....the first time I have ever played this kind of music........
12. John has not has his hair cut for over 6 months
→→The last time.......John cut his hair was over 6 months ago......
13. It is 2 weeks since it last rained
→→The last time......it rained was 2 weaks ago.........
It has....been 2 weeks since it last rained....
14. How long have they been married?
→→How long is it...since they have been married?....................
When........did they get married...............
15. How long is it since they bought this car?→→When.....did they buy this car?..............
16. Samuel started working for this company 5 years ago
→→Samuel has.......worked for this company for 5 years.......
17. I haven't been to Bristol for 3 years
→→It is..........3 years since I last went to Bristol ......
The last time....I went to Bristol was 3 years...
18. He hasn't seen his sister since she left for japan
→→He last......saw his sister when she left for japan...........
19. She began to work as a secretary 5 years ago→→She has.....worked as a secretary for 5 years..........
20. We worked very hard for the exam. Then we passed it→→Before........we passed the exam, we had worked very hard............
21. First my sister considered what to say. Then she decided to talk to her headmaster
→→After...my sister had considered what say, she had considered what to say.......
22. I learned my lessons. Then I went out for a walk→→Before....I went out for a walk, I had learned my lessons...
23. Her brother bought a new washing machine. First he checked the prices→→After.....her brother had checked the prices, he bought a new washing machine........
24. My mother took an aspirin. Then she felt a little better→→Before.....my mother felt a little better, she had taken an aspirin.............
25. The boys argued. Then they fought→→After.......the boys had argued, they fought.............
Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense
1. The last time she had swim was ten years ago→→....she hasn't swum for 10 years ..............................................
2. I have never met such a famous person before→→It is...................... the first time I have ever met such a famous person.....................................
3. I last saw him when I was a student→→I haven't.................SEEN him since I was a student.....................................................
4. I haven't come there for two years→→I last..............came there 2 years ago...............................................................
5. I have studied EL for 7 years→→I started........studying EL 7 years ago......................................................................
6. I haven't read this kind of book before→→This is..............the first time I have read this kind of book....................................................
7. My family moved to HCM city 10 years ago→→It is..........10 years since hcm city.......................................................
8. The last time I went to meet Helen was over a year ago→→It...........is a year since I last went to meet helen............................................
- I haven't.............gone to meet helen for over a year..................................
9. My father is the most generous person I've ever meet→→I've nver...........meet any person is more generous than my father........................................
10. I last saw hm when I was a students→→I haven't............seen him since i was a student.................................................................
11. No one has played this kind of music before→→This is..................the first time people have played this kind of music..................................................
12. John has not has his hair cut for over 6 months→→The last time..............John had his hair cut was over 6 months ago..........................................
13. It is 2 weeks since it last rained→→The last time...............it last rained was 2 weeks ago......................................................
It has..............rained for 2 weeks...................................................
14. How long have they been married?→→How long is it.......since they have been married ?................................................................
When.............was they married ?..............................................................
15. How long is it since they bought this car?→→When.........did they buy this car ?...........................................................
16. Samuel started working for this company 5 years ago→→Samuel has.......worked for this company for 5 years.......................................
17. I haven't been to Bristol for 3 years→→It is............3 years since I last went to Bristol........................................................
The last time............i went to bristol was 3 years ago.......................................
18. He hasn't seen his sister since she left for japan→→He last................saw his sister when she left for japan...........................................................
19. She began to work as a secretary 5 years ago→→She has.............worked as a secrectary for 5 years..................................................................
20. We worked very hard for the exam. Then we passed it→→Before.........we passed it , we had worked very hard for the exam................................................................
21. First my sister considered what to say. Then she decided to talk to her headmaster→→After.....my sister had considered what to say , she decided to talk to her headmaster...................................
22. I learned my lessons. Then I went out for a walk→→Before......I learnt my lessons , i had gone out for a walk.......................................................
23. Her brother bought a new washing machine. First he checked the prices→→After....he had checked the prices , Her brother bought a new washing machine.....................................................
24. My mother took an aspirin. Then she felt a little better→→Before.......my mother felt a little better , she had taken an aspirin..........................................................................
25. The boys argued. Then they fought→→After......the boys had argued , they fought ..........................................................................................
V. Rewrite the following sentences:
21. The book is old.
⇒⇒It's........an old book ..........
22. Her lips are full.
⇒⇒Her lips aren't......thin........
23. The flower are beautiful.
⇒⇒They..........are beautiful flowers...........
24. Where do you live?
⇒⇒What......place do you live?.......
25. Where does she live?
⇒⇒What......place does she live?.........
26. The cat is in front of the television.
⇒⇒The television........is behind the cat............
27. My school is near my house.
⇒⇒My house isn't.......far from my school.........
28. The table is on the left of the bed.
⇒⇒The bed........is on the right of the table..........
29. There are four people in my family.
⇒⇒My family................has four people............
30. There is a computer in my room.
⇒ ⇒I have.........a computer in my room...........
V. Rewrite the following sentences:
21. The book is old.
⇒⇒It's....an old book..............
22. Her lips are full.
⇒⇒Her lips aren't.....thin.........
23. The flower are beautiful.
⇒⇒They.....are beautiful flowers................
24. Where do you live?
⇒⇒What.....is your address.........
25. Where does she live?
⇒⇒What......is her address.........
26. The cat is in front of the television.
⇒⇒The television.....is behind the cat...............
27. My school is near my house.
⇒⇒My house isn't.......far from my house.........
28. The table is on the left of the bed.
⇒⇒The bed.....is on the right of the table.............
29. There are four people in my family.
⇒⇒My family.....has 4 people.......................
30. There is a computer in my room.
⇒⇒I have......a computer in my room..............
1) Who always drives his customers away?Taxi driver
2) What is the longest word in the English language?smile
1.make 15.make 28.make
2.do 16.make 29.make
3.do 17.do 30.do
4.do 18.do 31.do
5.do 19.do 32.make
6.make 20.do 33.do
7.do 21.make 34.do
8.do 22.do 35.make
9.make 23.make 36.make
10.make 24.make 37.do
11.make 25.make 38.do
12.do 26.make 39.do
13.make 27.make 40.make
14.make