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a) \(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{120.20\%}{60}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{53.30\%}{106}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => Na2CO3 hết, CH3COOH dư
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,15-------->0,3-------------->0,3------->0,15
=> \(m_{CH_3COONa}=0,3.82=24,6\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pư = 120 + 53 - 0,15.44 = 166,4 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{24,6}{166,4}.100\%=14,78\text{%}\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{3,2}{80}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.20\%}{98}=0,204\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
0,04 0,04 0,04
\(\dfrac{0,04}{1}< \dfrac{0,204}{1}\) --> H2SO4 dư
\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,04.160}{3,2+100}.100\%=6,2\%\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{3,2+100}.100\%=19\%\)
a)
$Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H-2$
b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{4,8}{24} = 0,2(mol)$
$C\%_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.98}{200}.100\% = 9,8\%$
$n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{dd\ A} = 4,8 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 204,4(gam)$
$C\%_{MgSO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.120}{204,4}.100\% = 11,7\%$
c) $V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
a) PTHH: CuO + H2SO4 → CuSO4 + H2O (1)
b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\times98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{400}\times100\%=4,9\%\)
c) Theo PT1: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,2\times160=32\left(g\right)\)
\(\Sigma m_{dd}=16+400=416\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{416}\times100\%=7,69\%\)
d) CuSO4 + BaCl2 → BaSO4↓ + CuCl2 (2)
Theo PT2: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=0,2\times233=46,6\left(g\right)\)
Vậy m=46,6
a) PTHH: \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\frac{16,2}{81}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot98=19,6\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{19,6}{9,8\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,2mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,2\cdot161=32,2\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=n_{ZnO}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=16,2+200=216,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\frac{32,2}{216,2}\cdot100\approx14,89\%\)
a,
Fe2O3+ 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) Fe2(SO4)3+ 3H2O
Fe2(SO4)3+ 3BaCl2 \(\rightarrow\)3BaSO4+ 2FeCl3
b,
nBaSO4= \(\frac{34,95}{233}\)= 0,15 mol
\(\rightarrow\) nFe2O3= nFe2(SO4)3= \(\frac{0,15}{3}\)= 0,05 mol
nH2SO4= 0,05.3= 0,15 mol
mFe2O3= 0,05.160= 8g
m dd H2SO4=\(\frac{\text{0,15.98.100}}{19,6}\)= 75g
Gọi CTHH của oxit KL là A2On.
PT: \(A_2O_n+nH_2SO_4\rightarrow A_2\left(SO_4\right)_n+nH_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{A_2O_n}=\dfrac{4,8}{2M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n.n_{A_2O_n}=\dfrac{4,8n}{2M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{4,8n}{2M_A+16n}.98=\dfrac{470,4n}{2M_A+16n}\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{470,4n}{2M_A+16n}}{10\%}=\dfrac{4704n}{2M_A+16}\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = \(4,8+\dfrac{4704n}{2M_A+16}\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{A_2\left(SO_4\right)_n}=n_{A_2O_n}=\dfrac{4,8}{2M_A+16n}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{A_2\left(SO_4\right)_n}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4,8.\left(2M_A+96n\right)}{2M_A+16}}{4,8+\dfrac{4704n}{2M_A+16n}}.100\%=12,9\%\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A\approx18,65m\)
Với m = 3, MA = 56 (g/mol) là thỏa mãn.
→ A là Fe.
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4,8}{160}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi CTHH của muối P là Fe2(SO4)3.nH2O.
Có: H = 80% ⇒ nP = 0,03.80% = 0,024 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow M_P=\dfrac{13,488}{0,024}=562\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow400+18n=562\Rightarrow n=9\)
Vậy: CTHH của P là Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49.6\%}{98}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
0,01 0,03 0,01
\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,01.400}{1,6+49}.100\%=7,91\left(\%\right)\)
c, axit phản ứng hết
a)
$Na_2O + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Na_2SO_4} = n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{12,4}{62} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 12,4 + 200 = 212,4(gam)$
$\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,2.142}{212,4}.100\% = 13,37\%$
a)\(Na_2O+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO+H_2O\)
0,2 → 0,2 →0,2
b)\(M_{dd}\) pư là:\(M_{Na_2O}+m_{H_2SO_4}\)
\(=12,4+200=212,4\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.142.100\%}{212,4}=13,4\left(\%\right)\)