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(1)Phương trình đã cho tương đương với:
√3x2−7x+3−√3x2−5x−1=√x2−2−√x2−3x+43x2−7x+3−3x2−5x−1=x2−2−x2−3x+4
⇔−2x+4√3x2−7x+3+√3x2−5x−1=3x−6√x2−2+√x2−3x
1)\(\left(DKXD:x\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x\left(x+1\right)}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x\left(x+1\right)}=1-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+1\right)=1-2x+x^2\left(0\le x\le1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x=1-2x+x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm \(x=\frac{1}{3}\)
a) \(\text{Đ}K\text{X}\text{Đ}:\frac{3}{2}\le x\le\frac{5}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt{2x-3}+\sqrt{5-2x}\le\sqrt{2\left(2x-3+5-2x\right)}=2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\sqrt{2x-3}=\sqrt{5-2x}\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Lại có: \(VP=3x^2-12x+14=3\left(x-2\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
Do đó VT=VP khi x=2
b) ĐK: \(x\ge0\). Ta thấy x=0 k pk là nghiệm của pt, chia 2 vế cho x ta có:
\(x^2-2x-x\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}+4=0\Leftrightarrow x-2-\sqrt{x}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{4}{x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{4}{x}\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)-2=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}=t>0\Leftrightarrow t^2=x+4+\frac{4}{x}\Leftrightarrow x+\frac{4}{x}=t^2-4\), thay vào ta có:
\(\left(t^2-4\right)-t-2=0\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-6=0\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(t+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}t=3\\t=-2\end{cases}}\)
Đối chiếu ĐK của t
\(\Rightarrow t=3\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}=3\Leftrightarrow x-3\sqrt{x}+2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
a/ Giải rồi
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=3x+4+2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}\) (1)
Pt trở thành:
\(t=t^2-6\Leftrightarrow t^2-t-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=3\\t=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x+4+2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}=5-3x\left(x\le\frac{5}{3}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(2x^2+5x+3\right)=\left(5-3x\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
e/ ĐKXD: \(x>0\)
\(5\left(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)=2\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=t\ge\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow t^2=x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
Pt trở thành:
\(5t=2\left(t^2-1\right)+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t^2-5t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=\frac{1}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4\sqrt{x}+1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{2\pm\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{3\pm2\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}-\sqrt{x^2-2}=\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}-\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^2-2}-\sqrt{2}\right)=\left(\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}-\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2-7x+3-1}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}+1}-\dfrac{x^2-2-2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{3x^2-5x-1-1}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+1}-\dfrac{x^2-3x+4-2}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2-7x+2}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}+1}-\dfrac{x^2-4}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{3x^2-5x-2}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+1}+\dfrac{x^2-3x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-1\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}+1}-\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(3x+1\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+1}+\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(\dfrac{3x-1}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}+1}-\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{3x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy: \(\dfrac{3x-1}{\sqrt{3x^2-7x+3}+1}-\dfrac{x+2}{\sqrt{x^2-2}+\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{3x+1}{\sqrt{3x^2-5x-1}+1}+\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x^2-3x+4}+\sqrt{2}}< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)