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a, PTHH:
Na2O + H2O ---> 2NaOH (1)
2NaOH + H2SO4 ---> Na2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{18,6}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh (1): \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
LTL (2): \(\dfrac{0,6}{2}< 0,5\rightarrow\) H2SO4 dư
Theo pthh (2):
\(n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,6=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
a, \(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{Ca}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.74=22,2\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{8,4}{232}=\dfrac{21}{580}\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{\dfrac{21}{580}}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{4}\), ta được H2 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe}=3n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{63}{580}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{cr}=m_{Fe}=\dfrac{63}{580}.56=\dfrac{882}{145}\left(g\right)\)
Số mol Al là: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(-PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
(mol) 2 6 2 3
(mol) 0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3
b) Khối lượng muối thu được là:
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=133,5.0,2=26,7\left(g\right)\)
c) Thể tích khí Hidro thu được là:
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,3=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_2+3H_2\)
\(b)n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo phương trình ta có: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng muối \(AlCl_3\) là: \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(c)\) Theo phương trình ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{14,8}{40}=0,37\left(mol\right)\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{Na}=n_{NaOH}=0,37\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{Na}=0,37.6.10^{23}=2,22.10^{23}\) (nguyên tử)
\(m_{Na}=0,37.23=8,51\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,185\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A_{H_2}=0,185.6.10^{23}=1,11.10^{23}\) (phân tử)
\(m_{H_2}=0,185.2=0,37\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{H_2}=0,185.24,79=4,58615\left(l\right)\)
2K +2H2O → 2KOH +H2
nK = 5.46:39=0,14 mol →nH2 = 0.07 mol → nKOH =0,14 mol
VH2=0.07*22.4=1,568 lít
mKOH = 0,14 (39+16+1)=7,84 g
a)
KK + H2H2OO → KOHKOH + H2H2
b)
nKnK = 5,46395,4639 = 0,140,14 molmol
nH2nH2 = 0,14×110,14×11 = 0,140,14 molmol
VH2VH2 = 0,140,14 × 22,422,4 = 3,1363,136 ll
c)
nKOHnKOH = 0,14×110,14×11 = 0,140,14 molmol
mKOHmKOH = 0,140,14 × 5656 = 7,847,84 gamgam
Na2O+H2O->2NaOH
0,3----------------0,6
2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+H2O
0,6----------------------0,3 mol
n Na2O=\(\dfrac{18,6}{62}\)=0,3 mol
=>m NaOH= 0,6.40=24g
=> m Na2SO4=0,3.142=42,6g
a. \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{18,6}{62}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Na2O + H2O -> 2NaOH
0,3 0,6
b. \(m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
c. PTHH : 2NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,6 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3.142=42,6\left(g\right)\)