Tìm GTNN của A = |x+1| + |2x-1| là:
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1.
$x(x+2)(x+4)(x+6)+8$
$=x(x+6)(x+2)(x+4)+8=(x^2+6x)(x^2+6x+8)+8$
$=a(a+8)+8$ (đặt $x^2+6x=a$)
$=a^2+8a+8=(a+4)^2-8=(x^2+6x+4)^2-8\geq -8$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-8$ khi $x^2+6x+4=0\Leftrightarrow x=-3\pm \sqrt{5}$
2.
$B=5+(1-x)(x+2)(x+3)(x+6)=5-(x-1)(x+6)(x+2)(x+3)$
$=5-(x^2+5x-6)(x^2+5x+6)$
$=5-[(x^2+5x)^2-6^2]$
$=41-(x^2+5x)^2\leq 41$
Vậy $B_{\max}=41$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x^2+5x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0$ hoặc $x=-5$
a.
\(A=\dfrac{2013}{x^2}-\dfrac{2}{x}+1=2013\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{2013}\right)^2+\dfrac{2012}{2013}\ge\dfrac{2012}{2013}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2013\)
b.
\(B=\dfrac{4x^2+2-4x^2+4x-1}{4x^2+2}=1-\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{4x^2+2}\le1\)
\(B_{max}=1\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{-2x^2-1+2x^2+4x+2}{4x^2+2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{2x^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B_{max}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=-1\)
\(A=2x^2-5x-3=2\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{2}x+\dfrac{25}{16}\right)-\dfrac{49}{8}=2\left(x-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{49}{8}\ge-\dfrac{49}{8}\\ A_{min}=-\dfrac{49}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x^2-3x-1\right)+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x+1\right)\left(2x^2-3x-1\right)+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x\right)^2-1+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x\right)^2+2017\ge2017\)
\(minA=2017\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(x-1=t\Rightarrow x=t+1\)
\(A=\dfrac{2\left(t+1\right)^2-6\left(t+1\right)+5}{t^2}=\dfrac{2t^2-2t+1}{t^2}=\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+2=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
\(A_{min}=1\) khi \(t=1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(A=\left|x+2\right|+\left|x+1\right|+\left|2x-5\right|\ge\left|x+2+x+1\right|+\left|2x-5\right|=\left|2x+3\right|+\left|5-2x\right|\)
\(\ge\left|2x+3+5-2x\right|=\left|8\right|=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)\ge0\left(1\right)\\\left(2x+3\right)\left(5-2x\right)\ge0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\left(1\right)\)
TH1 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2\ge0\\x+1\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge-2\\x\ge-1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x\ge-1}\)
TH2 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+2\le0\\x+1\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le-2\\x\le-1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x\le-2}\)
\(\left(2\right)\)
TH1 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+3\ge0\\5-2x\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge\frac{-3}{2}\\x\le\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\frac{-3}{2}\le x\le\frac{5}{2}}\)
TH2 : \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+3\le0\\5-2x\le0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le\frac{-3}{2}\\x\ge\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}}\) ( loại )
Vậy GTNN của \(A\) là \(8\) khi \(-1\le x\le\frac{5}{2}\)
...
Ta có \(A=\left|x+1\right|+\left|2x-1\right|\ge\left|x+1\right|+\dfrac{1}{2}\left|2x-1\right|=\left|x+1\right|+\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-x\right|\ge x+1+\dfrac{1}{2}-x=\dfrac{3}{2}\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\).