Cho các số thực dường a, b, c. Tìm GTLN của biểu thức :
\(\frac{a}{b+c+2a}+\frac{b}{a+c+2b}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
( chắc là theo bất đẳng thức cauchy ý :), giúp mình nhé
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P = \(\frac{a^2c}{a^2c+c^2b+b^2a+}+\frac{b^2a}{b^2a+a^2c+c^2b}+\frac{c^2b}{c^2b+b^2a+a^2c}\)
P = \(\frac{a^2c+b^2a+c^2b}{a^2c+c^2b+b^2a}=1\)
\(P=\frac{\frac{a}{b}}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{c}}+\frac{\frac{b}{c}}{\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{a}}+\frac{\frac{c}{a}}{\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{b}}=\frac{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}}=1\)
bài này ko khác gì câu 921427 nhé bạn, có điều bạn tìm cách tách a + 3b + 2c = (a + b) + (b + c) + (b + c)
Thêm nữa, áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\) với a, b, c > 0
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c.
EZ!!!Sau khi sử dụng 1 số bđt đơn giản, ta sẽ được:
\(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{ab}{a+3b+2c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{Σ}_{cyc}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{a}{2}\right)=K\)
\(P\le K=\frac{1}{9}\left[\text{Σ}_{cyc}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right)+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(b+a+c+\frac{a+b+c}{2}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{6}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c = 2
Lời giải :
\(P=\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{9}{a+b+b}+\frac{9}{b+c+c}+\frac{9}{c+a+a}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng \(\frac{9}{x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)ta có :
\(P\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot9=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{a+2b}=\frac{1}{a+b+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế thu được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
Vậy..
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz và BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M^2=\left(\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+2a}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{c+a+2b}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{a+b+2c}}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b+c+2a}+\frac{b}{c+a+2b}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "= " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Ta có :
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2xy\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y}{xy}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT trên ta có :
\(A=\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(1+1+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a=b=c
Ta có: \(A=\frac{a}{2a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+2b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)+\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)+\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+c}{a+c}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Vậy max A = 3/4 đạt tại a= b = c .
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+a+b+c}=\frac{16}{2a+b+c}\)<=> \(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{2a+b+c}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+2b+c}\) và \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\ge\frac{16}{a+b+2c}\)
Cộng 2 vế với nhau ta được:
\(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\ge\frac{16}{2a+b+c}+\frac{16}{a+2b+c}+\frac{16}{a+b+2c}\)
<=> \(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge16\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+2b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{a}{b+c+2a}+\frac{b}{a+c+2b}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\left(b+a\right)+\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{c}{\left(a+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{x}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}\right)\) ta có :
\(A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{b+a}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.3=\frac{3}{4}\) có GTLN là \(\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(GTLN:\frac{a}{b+c+2a}+\frac{b}{a+c+2b}+\frac{c}{a+b+2c}=\frac{3}{4}\)