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a) $n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{HCl} =2 n_{Fe} = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)$
$C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\% = 7,3\%$
b) $n_{H_2} = n_{FeCl_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)
Sau phản ứng, $m_{dd} = 11,2 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 210,8(gam)$
$C\%_{FeCl_2} = \dfrac{0,2.127}{210,8}.100\% = 12,05\%$
Bài 6:
\(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{21,4}{107}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
_______0,2________0,6______0,2 (mol)
a, \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6.36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
b, \(C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.162,5}{21,4+200}.100\%\approx14,68\%\)
Bài 7:
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=100.9,8\%=9,8\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\)
______0,1______0,1_______0,1 (mol)
a, \(m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\)
b, \(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.161}{8,1+100}.100\%\approx14,89\%\)
\(nAl=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mHCl=\dfrac{200.7,3\%}{100\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_2+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15 (mol)
LTL : 0,1 / 2 < 0,4/6
=> Al đủ , HCl dư
1. \(VH_2=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2. \(mH_2=0,15.2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
mdd = mAl + mddHCl - mH2 = 2,7 + 200 - 0,3 = 202,4 (g)
\(mH_2SO_{4\left(dưsaupứ\right)}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_2=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
\(C\%_{AlCl_2}=\dfrac{9,8.100}{202,4}=4,84\%\)
\(\text{1)}m_{KOH}=40.35\%=14\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ \text{Theo pthh}:n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=0,25.0,5=0,125\left(l\right)\)
\(\text{2)}n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,05}{27}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=200.14,7\%=29,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\\ \text{PTHH}:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \text{LTL}:\dfrac{0,15}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư}\)
\(\text{Theo pthh}:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,15=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(\text{sau phản ứng}\right)}=200+4,05-0,3.2=203,45\left(g\right)\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\text{ dư}}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,225\right).98}{203,45}=3,61\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,075}{203,45}=12,61\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
$a\big)$
$M_A=9,4.2=18,8(g/mol)$
$\to \dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{H_2}}=\dfrac{18,8-2}{44-18,8}=\dfrac{2}{3}$
Mà $n_{CO_2}+n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5(mol)$
\(\begin{array} {l} \to n_{CO_2}=0,2(mol);n_{H_2}=0,3(mol)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ FeCO_3+2HCl\to FeCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ \text{Theo PT: }n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,3(mol);n_{FeCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \to m=0,3.56+0,2.116=40(g) \end{array}\)
$b\big)$
Đổi $400ml=0,4l$
\(\begin{array} {l} \text{Theo PT: }n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}+n_{CO_2}=0,5(mol)\\ \to C_{M\,FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,4}=1,25M \end{array}\)
$c\big)$
\(\begin{array}{l} m_{dd\,FeCl_2}=\dfrac{400}{1,2}\approx 333,33(g)\\ \to C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,5.127}{333,33}.100\%=19,05\%\end{array}\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\2 K+2H_2O\xrightarrow[]{}2KOH+H_2\\ n_K=0,5.2=1\left(mol\right)\\ m_K=1.39=39\left(g\right)\\b.n_{KOH}=n_K=1mol\\ m_{KOH}=1.56=56\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,5.2=1\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddKOH}=200+39-1=238\left(g\right)\\ C_{\%KOH}=\dfrac{56}{238}\cdot100=23,53\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)
____0,5____________0,5 (mol)
a, \(m_{CuCl_2}=0,5.135=67,5\left(g\right)\)
b, Có: m dd sau pư = mCuO + m dd HCl = 40 + 200 = 240 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{67,5}{240}.100\%=28,125\%\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
$\rm n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2(mol)$
Phương trình hóa học
$\rm Fe+ 2HCl \to FeCl_2 +H_2$
Theo phương trình hóa học
$\rm n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)$
$\rm m_{dung~dịch~sp ứ} =200+11,2-0,2.2=210,8(g)$
`->` $\rm C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{210,8}.100\%=12,05\%$