Tính sin 2a, cos 2a, tan 2a, biết:
a) sin a = \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) và \(\dfrac{\text{π}}{2}\) < a < π
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a.
\(tana=\dfrac{sina}{cosa}=\dfrac{1}{15}\Rightarrow sina=\dfrac{cosa}{15}\)
\(\Rightarrow sin2a=2sina.cosa=\dfrac{2cosa}{15}.cosa=\dfrac{2}{15}cos^2a=\dfrac{2}{15}.\dfrac{1}{1+tan^2a}=\dfrac{2}{15}.\dfrac{1}{1+\dfrac{1}{15^2}}=\dfrac{15}{113}\)
b.
\(5^2=\left(3sina+4cosa\right)^2\le\left(3^2+4^2\right)\left(sin^2+cos^2a\right)=25\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{sina}{3}=\dfrac{cosa}{4}\\3sina+4cosa=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}sina=\dfrac{3}{5}\\cosa=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(\dfrac{1}{tan^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cot^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{cos^2a}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}=7\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{sin^4a+cos^4a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}+\dfrac{sin^2a+cos^2a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^2-2sin^2a.cos^2a}{sin^2a.cos^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{sin^2a.cos^2a}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{\left(2sina.cosa\right)^2}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{sin^22a}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin^22a=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(\pi< a< \frac{3\pi}{2}\Rightarrow sina< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow sina=-\sqrt{1-cos^2a}=-\frac{12}{13}\)
\(sin2a=2sina.cosa=\frac{120}{169}\)
\(cos2a=2cos^2a-1=-\frac{119}{169}\)
\(tan2a=\frac{sin2a}{cos2a}=-\frac{120}{119}\)
a) 1 + tan22 a =1 +(\(\dfrac{sina}{cosa}\))2 =\(\dfrac{sina+cosa}{cos^2a}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}\)
b) 1 + cot2 a= 1 +(\(\dfrac{cosa}{sina}\))2 = \(\dfrac{cosa+sina}{sin^2a}\)=\(\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}\)
c) tan2 a (2 sin2a + 3 cos2 a - 2)
=tan2 a[cos2 a +2 (\(sina^2+cos^2a\))-2 ]
=\(\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}\)×\(cos^2a=sin^2a\)
b: \(1+cot^2a=1+\left(\dfrac{cosa}{sina}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}\)
c: \(=tan^2a\left[2\left(1-cos^2a\right)+3cos^2a-2\right]\)
\(=tan^2a\left[cos^2a\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{sin^2a}{cos^2a}\cdot cos^2a=sin^2a\)
Câu a)
Từ \(\tan a=3\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sin a}{\cos a}=3\Rightarrow \sin a=3\cos a\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{\sin a\cos a+\cos ^2a}{2\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a}=\frac{3\cos a\cos a+\cos ^2a}{2(3\cos a)^2-\cos ^2a}\)
\(=\frac{\cos ^2a(3+1)}{\cos ^2a(18-1)}=\frac{4}{17}\)
Câu b)
Có: \(\cot \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)=\tan x=\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\)
\(\cos\left(\frac{\pi}{2}+x\right)=-\sin x\)
\(\Rightarrow \cot \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}+x\right)=\frac{-\sin ^2x}{\cos x}\)
Và:
\(\frac{\sin (\pi-x)\cot x}{1-\sin ^2x}=\frac{\sin x\cot x}{\cos^2x}=\frac{\sin x.\frac{\cos x}{\sin x}}{\cos^2x}=\frac{1}{\cos x}\)
Do đó:
\(\Rightarrow \cot \left(\frac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\cos \left(\frac{\pi}{2}+x\right)+\frac{\sin (\pi-x)\cot x}{1-\sin ^2x}=\frac{1-\sin ^2x}{\cos x}=\frac{\cos ^2x}{\cos x}=\cos x\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(\dfrac{1}{tan^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cot^2a}+\dfrac{1}{sin^2a}+\dfrac{1}{cos^2a}=7\)
=>\(\dfrac{sin^2a+1}{cos^2a}+\dfrac{cos^2a+1}{sin^2a}=7\)
=>\(\dfrac{sin^4a+sin^2a+cos^4a+cos^2a}{sin^2a\cdot cos^2a}=7\)
=>\(sin^4a+cos^4a+1=7\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
=>\(\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^2-2\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a+1=7\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
=>\(2=9\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
=>\(8=9\cdot sin^22a\)
=>16=9(1-cos4a)
=>1-cos4a=16/9
=>cos4a=-7/9
3. Cho tam giác ABC vuông tại A . Vẽ hình và thiết lập các hệ thúc tính TSLG của góc B từ đó suy ra các hệ thức tính TSLG góc C
Bài 2:
\(=\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)^3-3sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\left(sin^2a+cos^2a\right)+3sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
\(=1-3\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a+3\cdot sin^2a\cdot cos^2a\)
=1
a) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < a < \pi \) nên \(\cos a < 0\)
Ta có: \({\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a = 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{9} + {\cos ^2}a = 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow {\cos ^2}a = 1 - \frac{1}{9}= \frac{8}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \cos a =\pm\sqrt { \frac{8}{9}} = \pm \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}\)
Vì \(\cos a < 0\) nên \(cos a =-\frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}\)
Suy ra \(\tan a = \frac{{\sin a}}{{\cos a}} = \frac{{\frac{1}{3}}}{{ - \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}}} = - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\sin 2a = 2\sin a\cos a = 2.\frac{1}{3}.\left( { - \frac{{2\sqrt 2 }}{3}} \right) = - \frac{{4\sqrt 2 }}{9}\)
\(\cos 2a = 1 - 2{\sin ^2}a = 1 - \frac{2}{9} = \frac{7}{9}\)
\(\tan 2a = \frac{{2\tan a}}{{1 - {{\tan }^2}a}} = \frac{{2.\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}} \right)}}{{1 - {{\left( { - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{4}} \right)}^2}}} = - \frac{{4\sqrt 2 }}{7}\)
b) Vì \(\frac{\pi }{2} < a < \frac{{3\pi }}{4}\) nên \(\sin a > 0,\cos a < 0\)
\({\left( {\sin a + \cos a} \right)^2} = {\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a + 2\sin a\cos a = 1 + 2\sin a\cos a = \frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra \(\sin 2a = 2\sin a\cos a = \frac{1}{4} - 1 = - \frac{3}{4}\)
Ta có: \({\sin ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a = 1\;\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \left( {\frac{1}{2} - {\cos }a} \right)^2 + {\cos ^2}a - 1 = 0\)
\( \Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{4} - \cos a + {\cos ^2}a + {\cos ^2}a - 1 = 0\)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2{\cos ^2}a - \cos a - \frac{3}{4} = 0\)
\( \Rightarrow \cos a = \frac{{1 - \sqrt 7 }}{4}\) (Vì \(\cos a < 0)\)
\(\cos 2a = 2{\cos ^2}a - 1 = 2.{\left( {\frac{{1 - \sqrt 7 }}{4}} \right)^2} - 1 = - \frac{{\sqrt 7 }}{4}\)
\(\tan 2a = \frac{{\sin 2a}}{{\cos 2a}} = \frac{{ - \frac{3}{4}}}{{ - \frac{{\sqrt 7 }}{4}}} = \frac{{3\sqrt 7 }}{7}\)
Lời giải:
a) \(\cot ^2a+1=\left(\frac{\cos a}{\sin a}\right)^2+1=\frac{\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a}{\sin ^2a}=\frac{1}{\sin ^2a}\)
b)
\(\tan ^2a+1=\left(\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}\right)^2+1=\frac{\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a}{\cos ^2a}=\frac{1}{\cos ^2a}\)
c) Đề bài sai.
\(\sin ^4a+\cos ^2a=\sin ^2a.\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a\)
\(=\sin ^2a(1-\cos ^2a)+\cos ^2a\)
\(\sin ^2a+\cos ^2a-\sin ^2a\cos ^2a=1-\sin ^2a\cos ^2a\)
d)
\(\frac{1-4\sin ^2a\cos ^2a}{(\sin a+\cos a)^2}=\frac{1-(2\sin a\cos a)^2}{\sin ^2a+2\sin a\cos a+\cos ^2a}=\frac{(1-2\sin a\cos a)(1+2\sin a\cos a)}{1+2\sin a\cos a}\)
\(=1-2\sin a\cos a\)
e) ĐK tồn tại tan là $\cos x\neq 0$
Vì \(\tan a=\frac{\sin a}{\cos a}\Rightarrow \sin a=\tan a\cos a\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{2\sin a\cos a-1}{\cos ^2a-\sin ^2a}=\frac{1-2\sin a\cos a}{\sin ^2a-\cos ^2a}=\frac{\cos ^2a+\sin ^2a-2\sin a\cos a}{(\sin a-\cos a)(\sin a+\cos a)}\)
\(=\frac{(\sin a-\cos a)^2}{(\sin a-\cos a)(\sin a+\cos a)}=\frac{\sin a-\cos a}{\sin a+\cos a}\)
\(=\frac{\tan a\cos a-\cos a}{\tan a\cos a+\cos a}=\frac{\cos a(\tan a-1)}{\cos a(\tan a+1)}\)\(=\frac{\tan a-1}{\tan a+1}\) (đpcm)
a: \(\dfrac{\Omega}{2}< \alpha< \Omega\)
=>\(\Omega< 2\alpha< 2\Omega\)
\(sin^2\alpha+cos^2\alpha=1\)
=>\(cos^2\alpha=1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
mà \(cos\alpha< 0\left(\dfrac{\Omega}{2}< \alpha< \Omega\right)\)
nên \(cos\alpha=-\sqrt{\dfrac{8}{9}}=-\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
\(sin2\alpha=2\cdot sin\alpha\cdot cos\alpha=2\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{-2\sqrt{2}}{3}=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{2}}{9}\)
\(cos2\alpha=2\cdot cos^2\alpha-1=2\cdot\left(-\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}}{3}\right)^2-1\)
\(=2\cdot\dfrac{8}{9}-1=\dfrac{16}{9}-1=\dfrac{7}{9}\)
\(tan2\alpha=\dfrac{sin2\alpha}{cos2\alpha}=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{2}}{9}:\dfrac{7}{9}=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{2}}{7}\)
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