tính:
\(\dfrac{1+3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{2021}}{1-3^{2022}}\)
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\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{3}{2020}+\dfrac{3}{2021}-\dfrac{3}{2022}}-1=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{3\left(\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-1=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(B=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2021}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{3}{2020}+\dfrac{3}{2021}-\dfrac{3}{2022}}-1=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2021}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}}{3\left(\dfrac{1}{2020}+\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-1=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{3}{3}=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(T=\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2T-T=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^1}+\dfrac{2}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{2^2}...+\dfrac{2020}{2^{2019}}+\dfrac{2021}{2^{2020}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{1}{2^1}-\dfrac{2}{2^2}-...-\dfrac{2021}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
Đặt \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2M=1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2M-M=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2020}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}\)
Khi đó: \(T=1+M-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=1+1-\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}-\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)\)
\(Do\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)>0\) \(nên\) \(suy\) \(ra\) \(T=2-\left(\dfrac{1}{2^{2021}}+\dfrac{2022}{2^{2022}}\right)< 2\)
Vậy \(T< 2\) (\(ĐPCM\))
\(B=\left(\dfrac{2020}{2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2019}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2021}+1\right)+1\)
\(=\dfrac{2022}{2}+\dfrac{2022}{3}+...+\dfrac{2022}{2021}+\dfrac{2022}{2022}\)
=2022(1/2+1/3+...+1/2021+1/2022)
=>B/A=2022
\(=2021\cdot2\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}:\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)=4042\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)=0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2021}+\sqrt{2022}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{2022}-\sqrt{2021}}{\left(\sqrt{2021}+\sqrt{2022}\right)\left(\sqrt{2022}-\sqrt{2021}\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}-1+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+...+\sqrt{2022}-\sqrt{2021}=\sqrt{2022}-1\)
a) Ta có:
2A=2.(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)2�=2.12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
2A=1+12+122+123+...+122019+1220202�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
Suy ra: 2A−A=(1+12+122+123+...+122019+122020)2�−�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
−(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)−12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
Do đó A=1−122021<1�=1−122021<1.
Lại có B=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1�=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1.
Vậy A < B.
Đặt A = 1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3²⁰²¹
3A = 3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²²
2A = 3A - A
= (3 + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3²⁰²²) - (1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3²⁰²¹)
= 3²⁰²² - 1
A = (3²⁰²² - 1) : 2
(1 + 3 + 3² + ... + 3²⁰²¹)/(1 - 3²⁰²²)
= [(3²⁰²² - 1) : 2]/(1 - 3²⁰²²)
= -1/2