Cho 3 số thực dương a, b, c thoả mãn a^3 + b^3 + c^3 = 3. Tìm gtnn của biểu thức P = a^4 / (b + c + 4bc) + b^4 / (a + c + 4ac) + c^4 / (b + c + 4bc)
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\(\dfrac{a^5}{b^3+c^2}+\dfrac{b^3+c^2}{4}+\dfrac{a^4}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a^9.\left(b^3+c^2\right)}{8\left(b^3+c^2\right)}}=\dfrac{3a^3}{2}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(\Rightarrow M-\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}+\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{4}+\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4}{2}+\dfrac{5}{4}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Mặt khác ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{6}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\left(a^3+a^3+1\right)+\left(b^3+b^3+1\right)+\left(c^3+c^3+1\right)\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3\ge9\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{15}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}=...\)
\(A=a+b+c+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{4}{c}\\ A=\left(\dfrac{3a}{4}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{a}{4}+\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{3c}{4}\right)\\ A=\left(\dfrac{3a}{4}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{4}+\dfrac{4}{c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+2b+3c\right)\\ A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3a}{4}\cdot\dfrac{3}{a}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{2}\cdot\dfrac{9}{2b}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4}{c}}+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot20\\ A\ge3+3+2+5=13\\ A_{min}=13\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\\c=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
1
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương:
4ac=2.b.2c≤2(b+2c2)2≤2(a+b+2c2)2=2.(12)2=12
⇒−4bc≥−12
⇒K=ab+4ac−4bc≥−4bc≥−12
\(\frac{c+1}{c+3}\ge\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{3}{b+4}\ge2\sqrt[]{\frac{3}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+4\right)}}\) (1)
\(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{3}{b+4}\le\frac{c+3-2}{c+3}=1-\frac{2}{c+3}\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{a+2}\ge\frac{3}{b+4}+\frac{2}{c+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+1}{a+2}\ge\frac{3}{b+4}+\frac{2}{c+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{6}{\left(b+4\right)\left(c+3\right)}}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{3}{b+4}\le1-\frac{2}{c+3}\Rightarrow1-\frac{3}{b+4}\ge\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{2}{c+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1}{b+4}\ge\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{2}{c+3}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2}{\left(a+2\right)\left(c+3\right)}}\) (3)
Nhân vế với vế (1);(2);(3):
\(\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+4\right)\left(c+3\right)}\ge8\sqrt{\frac{36}{\left(a+2\right)^2\left(b+4\right)^2\left(c+3\right)^2}}=\frac{48}{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+4\right)\left(c+3\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge48\Rightarrow Q_{min}=48\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(1;5;3\right)\)
- Theo BĐT Cauchy ta có:
\(\sqrt{a.1}\le\dfrac{a+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{b.1}\le\dfrac{b+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{c.1}\le\dfrac{c+1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{ab}\le\dfrac{a+b}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{bc}\le\dfrac{b+c}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{ca}\le\dfrac{c+a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\le\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c\right)+3}{2}=\dfrac{3.3+3}{2}=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Mà ta có: \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}=6\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
\(M=\dfrac{a^{30}+b^4+c^{1975}}{a^{30}+b^4+c^{2023}}=\dfrac{1^{30}+1^4+1^{1975}}{1^{30}+1^4+1^{2023}}=1\)
\(P=\text{∑}\frac{a\left(\frac{1}{a}+1+c\right)}{\left(a^3+b^2+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+1+c\right)}\le\frac{\text{∑}\left(1+a+ac\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{3+a+b+c+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\le\frac{3+3+\frac{3^2}{3}}{3^2}=1\)
"=" khi a=b=c=1
\(P=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+2\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{16}{4}=4\)
1 .
Từ gt : \(2ab+6bc+2ac=7abc\)và \(a,b,c>0\)
Chia cả hai vế cho abc > 0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{c}+\frac{6}{a}+\frac{2}{b}=7\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a},y=\frac{1}{b},z=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\2z+6x+2y=7\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó : \(C=\frac{4ab}{a+2b}+\frac{9ac}{a+4c}+\frac{4bc}{b+c}\)
\(=\frac{4}{2x+y}+\frac{9}{4x+z}+\frac{4}{y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{4}{2x+y}+2x+y+\frac{9}{4x+z}+4x+z+\frac{4}{y+z}+y+z\)\(-\left(2x+y+4x+z+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x+2y}}-\sqrt{x+2y}\right)^2+\left(\frac{3}{\sqrt{4x+z}}-\sqrt{4x+z}\right)^2\)\(+\left(\frac{2}{\sqrt{y+z}}-\sqrt{y+z}\right)^2+17\ge17\)
Khi \(x=\frac{1}{2},y=z=1\)thì \(C=17\)
Vậy GTNN của C là 17 khi a =2; b =1; c = 1
2 .
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có :\(1+b^2\ge2b\)nên
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}=\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{b^2+1}\)
\(\ge\left(a+1\right)-\frac{b^2\left(a+1\right)}{2b}=a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}\ge a+1-\frac{ab+b}{2}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}\ge b+1-\frac{bc+c}{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge c+1-\frac{ca+a}{2}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế (1), (2) và (3) ta được:
\(\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3+\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\left(^∗\right)\)
Mặt khác : \(3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c-ab-bc-ca}{2}\ge0\)
Nên \(\left(^∗\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+1}{1+b^2}+\frac{b+1}{1+c^2}+\frac{c+1}{1+a^2}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Chỗ kia phải là \(\dfrac{c^4}{b+a+4ba}\) chứ nhỉ? Nếu đúng đề thì bạn nói với mình để mình làm lại nhé. Giờ mình làm theo đề đối xứng trước nhé.
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{a^6}{a^2b+a^2c+4a^2bc}+\dfrac{b^6}{b^2a+b^2c+4b^2ca}+\dfrac{c^6}{c^2a+c^2b+4c^2ab}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2+4a^2bc+4b^2ca+4c^2ab}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+abc\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\right)}\)
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)
và \(abc\le\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}=1\), đồng thời \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)>\dfrac{27}{64}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c>\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b+c\right)-3>0\). Do đó \(abc\left(4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\right)\le4\left(a+b+c\right)-3\)
Vì vậy \(P\ge\dfrac{9}{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{3}+4\left(a+b+c\right)-3}\)
Đặt \(a+b+c=t\).
Ta có \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)=a^2b+b^2a\). Lập 2 BĐT tương tự rồi cộng theo vế, ta có:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le6+2abc\le8\) (vì \(abc\le1\))
Do đó \(t^3=3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\le3+3.8=27\) \(\Leftrightarrow t\le3\)
Vậy \(0< t\le3\)
Ta có \(P\ge\dfrac{9}{\dfrac{t^3}{3}+4t-3}\) \(\ge\dfrac{9}{\dfrac{3^3}{3}+4.3-3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Vậy GTNN của P là \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)