\(\left(2^{2021}+2^{2022}\right):2^{2020}\)
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a)
`(2x-1)(x+2/3)=0`
\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\x+\dfrac{2}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ < =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}\)
\(< =>\dfrac{x+4}{2019}+1+\dfrac{x+3}{2020}+1=\dfrac{x+2}{2021}+1+\dfrac{x+1}{2022}+1\)
\(< =>\dfrac{x+2023}{2019}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2020}=\dfrac{x+2023}{2021}+\dfrac{x+2023}{2022}\)
\(< =>\left(x+2023\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\right)=0\)
\(< =>x+2023=0\left(\dfrac{1}{2019}+\dfrac{1}{2020}-\dfrac{1}{2021}-\dfrac{1}{2022}\ne0\right)\\ < =>x=-2023\)
\(a^{2019}+b^{2019}=a^{2020}+b^{2020}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2020}-a^{2019}=b^{2019}-b^{2020}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2019}\left(a-1\right)=b^{2019}\left(1-b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2019}}{b^{2019}}=\dfrac{1-b}{a-1}\left(1\right)\\ a^{2020}+b^{2020}=a^{2021}+b^{2021}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2021}-a^{2020}=b^{2020}-b^{2021}\\ \Leftrightarrow a^{2020}\left(a-1\right)=b^{2020}\left(1-b\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2020}}{b^{2020}}=\dfrac{1-b}{a-1}\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^{2019}}{b^{2019}}=\dfrac{a^{2020}}{b^{2020}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=1\Leftrightarrow a=b\\ \Leftrightarrow2a^{2019}=2a^{2020}\\ \Leftrightarrow a=1=b\\ \Leftrightarrow P=2022-\left(1+1-1\right)^{2022}=2021\)
Lời giải:
Ta sẽ đi CM đẳng thức tổng quát:
\((C^1_{2n})^2-(C^2_{2n})^2+(C^3_{2n})^2-....+(C^{2n-1}_{2n})^2-(C^{2n}_{2n})^2=C^n_{2n}+1\) với $n$ lẻ.
Theo nhị thức Newton ta có:
\((x^2-1)^{2n}=C^0_{2n}-C^1_{2n}x^2+C^2_{2n}x^4-....-C^n_{2n}x^{2n}+...+C^{2n}_{2n}x^{4n}\). Trong này, hệ số của $x^{2n}$ là $-C^n_{2n}$
Tiếp tục sử dụng nhị thức Newton:
\((x^2-1)^{2n}=(x+1)^{2n}(x-1)^{2n}=(C^0_{2n}+C^1_{2n}+C^2_{2n}x^2+...+C^{2n}_{2n}x^{2n})(C^0_{2n}x^{2n}-C^1_{2n}x^{2n-1}+C^2_{2n}x^{2n-2}-...+C^{2n}_{2n})\). Trong này, hệ số của $x^{2n}$ là
\((C^0_{2n})^2-(C^1_{2n})^2+(C^2_{2n})^2-.....+(C^{2n}_{2n})^2\)
Do đó:
\(-C^n_{2n}=(C^0_{2n})^2-(C^1_{2n})^2+(C^2_{2n})^2-.....+(C^{2n}_{2n})^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -C^n_{2n}=1-(C^1_{2n})^2+(C^2_{2n})^2-.....+(C^{2n}_{2n})^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (C^1_{2n})^2-(C^2_{2n})^2+...-(C^2_{2n})^2=1+C^n_{2n}\)
Thay $n=1011$ ta có đpcm.
\(\left(2^{2021}+2^{2022}\right):2^{2020}=2^{2021}:2^{2020}+2^{2022}:2^{2020}\)
\(=2^{2021-2020}+2^{2022-2020}=2^1+2^2=2+4=6\)
(22021 + 22022) : 22020
= (2 + 22).22020 : 22020
= 2 + 4
= 6