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1) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\right)+z^3-3xyz-3x^2y-3xy^2=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
2) Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a^3}+\dfrac{1}{b^3}+\dfrac{1}{c^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3}{a^3b^3c^3}=\dfrac{3}{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3=3a^2b^3c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc\right)^3-3ab^2c\left(ab+bc\right)+a^3b^3-3a^2b^2c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\left[\left(ab+bc\right)^2-\left(ab+bc\right)ac+a^2c^2\right]-3ab^2c\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0+0=0\left(đúng\right)\)
\(1,7x-8=4x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x-8-4x=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7x-4x=7+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=15\)
\(\Rightarrow x=5\)
\(2,3-2x=3\left(x+1\right)-x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-2x=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+3=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-2x=1-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(3,5\left(3x+2\right)=4x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5.3x+5.2=4x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x+10=4x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x-4x=1-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11x=-9\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{-9}{11}\)
2.1
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(x^2-x-20-2\left(\sqrt{16x+1}-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+4\right)-\dfrac{32\left(x-5\right)}{\sqrt{16x+1}+9}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+4-\dfrac{32}{\sqrt{16x+1}+9}\right)=0\) (1)
Do \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{16}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{32}{\sqrt{16x+1}+9}< \dfrac{32}{9}\\x+4\ge-\dfrac{1}{16}+4=\dfrac{63}{16}>\dfrac{32}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+4-\dfrac{32}{\sqrt{16x+1}+9}>0\)
Nên (1) tương đương:
\(x-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Câu 2.2, 2.3 đề lỗi không dịch được
Bài 8:
Đặt CTTQ oxit kim loại hóa trị III là A2O3 (A là kim loại)
nH2SO4=0,3(mol)
mNaOH=24%. 50= 12(g) => nNaOH=0,3(mol)
PTHH: 2 NaOH + H2SO4 -> Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
0,3________0,15(mol)
A2O3 +3 H2SO4 -> A2(SO4)3 +3 H2
0,05___0,15(mol)
=> M(A2O3)= 8/0,05=160(g/mol)
Mặt khác: M(A2O3)=2.M(A)+ 48(g/mol)
=>2.M(A)+48=160
<=>M(A)=56(g/mol)
-> Oxit cần tìm: Fe2O3
Bài 7:
mHCl= 547,5. 6%=32,85(g) => nHCl=0,9(mol)
Đặt: nZnO=a(mol); nFe2O3=b(mol) (a,b>0)
PTHH: ZnO +2 HCl -> ZnCl2+ H2O
a________2a_______a(mol)
Fe2O3 + 6 HCl -> 2 FeCl3 + 3 H2O
b_____6b____2b(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}81a+160b=28,15\\2a+6b=0,9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,15\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mFe2O3=0,1.160=16(g)
=>%mFe2O3=(16/28,15).100=56,838%
=>%mZnO= 43,162%
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12 shelter