cho 400g dd NaOH 5% tác dụng với dd FeCl2.Khối lượng kết tủa của chất là bao nhiêu gam?
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a)
\(FeSO_4 + 2NaOH \to Fe(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4\)
b)
\(n_{FeSO_4} = 0,4.0,5 = 0,2(mol) ; n_{NaOH} = 0,5.0,5 = 0,25(mol)\)
Ta thấy : \(2n_{FeSO_4} = 0,4 > n_{NaOH} = 0,25\) nên FeSO4 dư.
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{Fe(OH)_2} = 0,5n_{NaOH} = 0,125(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe(OH)_2} = 0,125.90 = 11,25(gam)\)
c)
\(4Fe(OH)_2 + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3 + 4H_2O\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,5n_{Fe(OH)_2} = 0,0625(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,0625.160 = 10(gam)\)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a) $CuSO_4 + 2NaOH \to Cu(OH)_2 + Na_2SO_4$
b) $n_{Cu(OH)_2} = n_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{16}{160} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{Cu(OH)_2} = 0,1.98 = 9,8(gam)$
c) $n_{NaOH} = 2n_{CuSO_4} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
PTHH: \(CuSO_4+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\\m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KNO_3}=n_{AgCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KOH}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,1\cdot143,5=14,35\left(g\right)\\m_{KNO_3}=0,1\cdot101=10,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
FeCl2 +2NaOH= Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
4Fe(OH)2+O2=(to) 2Fe2O3+ 4H2O
ZnCl2+ 2NaOH= Zn(OH)2 +2NaCl
2NaOH+ Zn(OH)2= Na2ZnO2+ 2H2O
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{50.20}{100.40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{416.5}{100.160}=0,13\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : CuSO4 + 2NaOH ---> Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{0,25}{2}< 0,13\) => Spu NaOH hết; CuSO4 dư
Theo pthh : nCu(OH)2 = \(\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)
=> mCu(OH)2 = 98.0,125 = 12,25 (g)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{400.5\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,5 0,25
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,25.90=22,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{400.5\%}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,25.90=22,5\left(g\right)\)