tìm x biết :
a)/x-1/ +/x-4/=3x
b)/x+1/+/x+4/=3x
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a, Xét : x-4 = 0 => x= 4
2x+1 = 0 => x= \(\frac{1}{2}\)
x+3 = 0 => x = -3
x + 9 = 0 => x = -9
Khi đó ta có bảng xét dấu :
x | -9 | -3 | \(\frac{1}{2}\) | 4 |
x-4 | -13 | -7 | \(\frac{-7}{2}\) | 0 |
2x+1 | -17 | -5 | 2 | 9 |
x+3 | -6 | 0 | \(\frac{7}{2}\) | 7 |
x+9 | 0 | 6 | \(\frac{19}{2}\) | 13 |
=> có 5 trường hợp:
TH1 : \(x\le-9\)
TH2 : \(-9\le x< -3\)
TH3 : \(-3\le x< \frac{1}{2}\)
TH4 : \(\frac{1}{2}\le x< 4\)
Do đó :
TH1 : \(x\le-9\)
Ta có : /x-4/ = -(x-4) = 4 - x
/2x+1/ = -(2x+1) = -2x -1
/x+3/ = -(x + 3 ) = -x - 3
/x-9/ = -(x-9) = -x + 9 Thay vào đề bài ta có:
3.(4-x) + 2x-1 +5(-x - 3) -x-9 = 5
=> 12 - 3x + 2x - 1 + -5x - 15 - x - 9 = 5
=>(12 - 1 - 15 -9 ) +(-3x +2x -5x -x) = 5
=> -13 - 7x = 5
7x = -13 - 5
7x = -18
x = \(\frac{-18}{7}\)( Ko TM)
Tương tự với 4 trường hợp còn lại.
a) (x-2)3+6(x+1)2-x3+12=0
\(\Rightarrow\)x3-6x2+12x-8+6(x2+2x+1)-x3+12=0
\(\Rightarrow\)x3-6x2+12x-8+6x2+12x+6-x3+12=0
\(\Rightarrow\)24x+10=0
\(\Rightarrow\)24x=-10
\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(\dfrac{-10}{24}=\dfrac{-5}{12}\)
b)(x-5)(x+5)-(x+3)2+3(x-2)2=(x+1)2-(x-4)(x+4)+3x2
\(\Rightarrow\)x2-25-(x2+6x+9)+3(x2-4x+4)=x2+2x+1-(x2-16)+3x2
\(\Rightarrow\)x2-25-x2-6x-9+3x2-12x+12=x2+2x+1-x2+16+3x2
\(\Rightarrow\)3x2-18x-22=3x2+2x+17
\(\Rightarrow\)3x2-18x-22-3x2-2x-17=0
\(\Rightarrow\)-20x-39=0
\(\Rightarrow\)-20x=39
\(\Rightarrow\)x=\(-\dfrac{39}{20}\)
\(1,\left(3x+2\right)\left(5-x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=0\\5-x^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\-x^2=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=\pm\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{2}{3};-\sqrt{5};\sqrt{5}\right\}\)
\(2,-2x-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{8}x\right)=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{12}x=-\dfrac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+\dfrac{1}{12}x=-\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{23}{12}=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{9}{46}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{9}{46}\right\}\)
\(3,\dfrac{1}{12}:\dfrac{4}{21}=3\dfrac{1}{2}:\left(3x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{12}.\dfrac{21}{4}=\dfrac{7}{2}.\dfrac{1}{3x-2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{7}{16}=\dfrac{7}{6x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-4=7:\dfrac{7}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-4=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{\dfrac{10}{3}\right\}\)
\(4,\dfrac{x-1}{x+2}=\dfrac{4}{5}\left(dk:x\ne-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(x-1\right)=4\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-5=4x+8\)
\(\Rightarrow x=13\left(tmdk\right)\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{13\right\}\)