Phân tích thành nhân tử:
1) 3x4-75x2y2
2) x4y+xy4
3) x4+4
4) x4+x2 +1
5) x4+324
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Lời giải:
a.
$x^8+x^4+1=(x^4)^2+2x^4+1-x^4$
$=(x^4+1)^2-(x^2)^2=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+1+x^2)$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)[(x^2+1)^2-x^2]$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)(x^2+1-x)(x^2+1+x)$
b.
$x^{12}-3x^6-1=(x^6-\frac{3}{2})^2-\frac{13}{4}$
$=(x^6-\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{13}}{2})(x^6-\frac{3}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{13}}{2})$
c.
$3x^4+10x^2-25=(3x^4+15x^2)-(5x^2+25)$
$=3x^2(x^2+5)-5(x^2+5)=(x^2+5)(3x^2-5)$
$=(x^2+5)(\sqrt{3}x-\sqrt{5})(\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{5})$
c.
$x^2-5y^2-y^4+2xy-9$
$=(x^2+2xy+y^2)-(y^4+6y^2+9)$
$=(x+y)^2-(y^2+3)^2$
$=(x+y+y^2+3)(x+y-y^2-3)$
\(a,x^8+x^4+1\\ =\left(x^8+2x^4+1\right)-x^4\\ =\left(x^4+1\right)^2-x^4\\ =\left(x^4-x^2+1\right)\left(x^4+x^2+1\right)\\ b,x^{12}-3x^6-1\\ =\left(x^{12}-2x^6+1\right)-x^6-2\\ =\left(x^6-1\right)^2-x^6-2\\ =\left(x^6-x^3-1\right)\left(x^6+x^3-1\right)-2???\\ c,3x^4+10x^2-25\\ =4x^4-\left(x^4-10x^2+25\right)\\ =4x^4-\left(x^2-5\right)^2\\ =\left(2x^2-x^2+5\right)\left(2x^2+x^2-5\right)\\ =\left(x^2+5\right)\left(3x^2-5\right)\\ d,x^2-5y^2-y^4+2xy-9\\ =\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^4+6y^2+9\right)\\ =\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y^2+3\right)^2\\ =\left(x+y+y^2+3\right)\left(x+y-y^2-3\right)\)
a) \(=\left(x+6y\right)\left(x-6y\right)-\left(x-6y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x-6y-1\right)\)
b) \(=x\left(x^2-8x+16\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c) \(=2\left(x-y\right)^2-18\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x-y-3\right)\)
a: \(x^2-36y^2-x+6y\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y\right)-\left(x-6y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y-1\right)\)
b: \(x^3-8x^2+16x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-8x+16\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c: \(2x^2-4xy+2y^2-18\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
d: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=3x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
\(1,=6xy\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)=6xy\left(x-y\right)^2\\ 2,=\left(x^2+4-4\right)\left(x^2+4+4\right)=x^2\left(x^2+8\right)\\ 3,=5x\left(x-y\right)-10\left(x-y\right)=5\left(x-2\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ 4,=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)-3\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2-3\right)\\ 5,=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\\ 6,Sửa:x^2-x-2=x^2+x-2x-2=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\\ 7,=x^4-4x^2-x^2+4=\left(x^2-4\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\\ =\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ 8,=-x^3-x^2-x=-x\left(x^2+x+1\right)\\ 9,=\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+9\right)+\left(a-3\right)\left(6a+9\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+9a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a^2+3a+6a+18\right)\\ =\left(a-3\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(a+6\right)\)
\(10,=x^2y-x^2z+y^2z-xy^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =xy\left(x-y\right)-z\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x-y\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(xy-xz-yz+z^2\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\)
a: Ta có: \(x^2-36y^2-x+6y\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y\right)-\left(x-6y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y-1\right)\)
b: Ta có: \(16x-8x^2+x^3\)
\(=x\left(x^2-8x+16\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c: Ta có: \(2x^2-4xy+2y^2-18\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\right)\)
\(=2\cdot\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-9\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=3x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
e: Ta có: \(x^4-x^2-30\)
\(=x^4-6x^2+5x^2-30\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-6\right)+5\left(x^2-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-6\right)\left(x^2+5\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-xy-2y^2\)
\(=x^2-2xy+xy-2y^2\)
\(=x\left(x-2y\right)+y\left(x-2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
g: Ta có: \(x^4-13x^2y^2+4y^4\)
\(=x^4-4x^2y^2+4y^4-9x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2y^2\right)^2-\left(3xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-3xy-2y^2\right)\left(x^2-3xy+2y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-3xy-2y^2\right)\left(x^2-xy-2xy+2y^2\right)\)
\(=\left[x\left(x-y\right)-2y\left(x-y\right)\right]\left(x^2-3xy-2y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)\left(x^2-3xy-2y^2\right)\)
h: Ta có: \(\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-2\left(x^2-2x\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-3\left(x^2-2x\right)+\left(x^2-2x\right)-3\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x-3\right)\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-1\right)^2\)
Lời giải của các bạn đều thỏa mãn yêu cầu đề bài là phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
x⁸ + x⁴ + 1
= x⁸ + 2x⁴ + 1 - x⁴
= (x⁴ + 1)² - x⁴
= (x⁴ + 1)² - (x²)²
= (x⁴ + 1 + x²)(x⁴ + 1 - x²)
= (x⁴ + x² + 1)(x⁴ - x² + 1)
a/ 2x^2 (x – 1) + 4x (1 – x)
= 2x^2(x – 1) – 4x (x – 1)
= (x – 1)( 2x^2 – 4x)
=2x(x – 1)(x – 2)
2) \(x^4y+xy^4=xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
4) \(x^4+x^2+1=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
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