Q=x^2-20x+325
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Lời giải:
$A=\frac{20x+15}{x^2+1}$
$\Rightarrow A(x^2+1)=20x+15$
$\Rightarrow Ax^2-20x+(A-15)=0(*)$
Vì $A$ tồn tại, nên pt $(*)$ luôn có nghiệm
$\Rightarrow \Delta'=10^2-A(A-15)\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow A^2-15A-100\leq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (A-20)(A+5)\leq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow -5\leq A\leq 20$
Vậy $A_{\min}=-5$
\(A=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+3=\left(x+2\right)^2+3\ge3\)
\(A_{min}=3\) khi \(x=-2\)
\(B=\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+1=\left(x-10\right)^2+1\ge1\)
\(B_{min}=1\) khi \(x=10\)
\(C=\left(x^2+4y^2+25-4xy+10x-20y\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\)
\(C=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(C_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-3;1\right)\)
\(C=16x^2-8x+2024\)
\(\Rightarrow C=16x^2-8x+1+2023\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\left(4x-1\right)^2+2023\ge2023\left(\left(4x-1\right)^2\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(C\right)=2023\)
\(D=-25x^2+50x-2023\)
\(\Rightarrow D=-\left(25x^2-50x+25\right)-1998\)
\(\Rightarrow D=-\left(5x-5\right)^2-1998\le1998\left(-\left(5x-5\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(D\right)=1998\)
\(B=-x^2+20x+100=-\left(x^2-20x+100\right)+200=-\left(x-10\right)^2+200\le200\left(-\left(x-10\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(B\right)=200\)
\(E=\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(3x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=4x^2-4x+1-\left(3x^2-13x-10\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow E=4x^2-4x+1-3x^2+13x+10\)
\(\Rightarrow E=x^2+9x+11=x^2+9x+\dfrac{81}{4}-\dfrac{81}{4}+11\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\left(x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{37}{4}\ge-\dfrac{37}{4}\left(\left(x+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)^2\ge0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(E\right)=-\dfrac{37}{4}\)
\(F=\left(3x-5\right)^2-\left(3x+2\right)\left(4x-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=9x^2-30x+25-\left(12x^2+3x-2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3x^2-33x+27=-3\left(x^2-10x+9\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-10x+25\right)+48=-3\left(x-5\right)^2+48\le48\left(-3\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(F\right)=48\)
\(C=\sqrt{25x^2-20x+4}+\sqrt{25x^2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{\left(5x-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5x\right)^2}\)
\(C=\left|5x-2\right|+\left|5x\right|=\left|2-5x\right|+\left|5x\right|\)
\(C\ge\left|2-5x+5x\right|=2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)( 2 - 5x ) . 5x \(\ge\)0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\2-5x\ge0\end{cases}}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\le0\\2-5x\le0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(0\le x\le\frac{2}{5}\)
Vậy GTNN của C là 2 \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(0\le x\le\frac{2}{5}\)
\(C=\sqrt{25x^2-20x+4}+\sqrt{25x^2}\)
\(C=\sqrt{\left(5x-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(5x\right)^2}\)
\(C=\left|5x-2\right|+\left|5x\right|\)
\(C=\left|2-5x\right|+\left|5x\right|\ge\left|2-5x+5x\right|=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2-5x\ge0\\5x\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\le\frac{2}{5}\\x\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow0\le}x\le\frac{2}{5}}\)
Bài 1:
a: \(A=x^2+2x+4\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+3\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+1=0
=>x=-1
Vậy: \(A_{min}=3\) khi x=-1
b: \(B=x^2-20x+101\)
\(=x^2-20x+100+1\)
\(=\left(x-10\right)^2+1>=1\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-10=0
=>x=10
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi x=10
c: \(C=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+8\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+4y+4+3\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3>=3\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0 và y+2=0
=>x=1 và y=-2
Vậy: \(C_{min}=3\) khi (x,y)=(1;-2)
Bài 2:
a: \(A=5-8x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x^2+8x+16-16\right)+5\)
\(=-\left(x+4\right)^2+16+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21< =21\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x+4=0
=>x=-4
b: \(B=x-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c: \(C=4x-x^2+3\)
\(=-x^2+4x-4+7\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+7\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7< =7\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-2=0
=>x=2
d: \(D=-x^2+6x-11\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2< =-2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-3=0
=>x=3
\(Q=x^2-20x+325\)
\(Q=x^2-20x+100+225\)
\(Q=\left(x-10\right)^2+225\)
mà \(\left(x-10\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\left(x-10\right)^2+225\ge225\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(Q\right)=225\)