cho 200g SO3 vào 200g đ H2SO4 10%. Tính C% dd sau phản ứng?
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\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5\left(mol\right)\)
mdd H2SO4 17% = 1000.1,12 = 1120 (g)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1120.17}{100}=190,4\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: SO3 + H2O --> H2SO4
2,5------------>2,5
=> mH2SO4(sau pư) = 2,5.98 + 190,4 = 435,4 (g)
mdd sau pư = 200 + 1120 = 1320 (g)
\(C\%_{dd.H_2SO_4.sau.pư}=\dfrac{435,4}{1320}.100\%=32,985\%\)
SO3 + H2O = H2SO4
(32+3*16)= 80........(2+32+4*16)=98
200g.......................x(g)
x= (200 * 98) / 80 = 245g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 truoc phan ung la: m = d * v = 1.12 * 1000 = 1120g
khoi luong H2SO4 truoc pu la: m = (1120 * 17) / 100 = 190.4g
khoi luong H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 190.4 + 245 = 435.4g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 1120 + 200 = 1320g
C% cua dd thu duoc la: C%= ( 435.4 / 1320) *100 = 32.985%
.......SO3 + H2O = H2SO4
(32+3*16)= 80........(2+32+4*16)=98
200g.......................x(g)
x= (200 * 98) / 80 = 245g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 truoc phan ung la: m = d * v = 1.12 * 1000 = 1120g
khoi luong H2SO4 truoc pu la: m = (1120 * 17) / 100 = 190.4g
khoi luong H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 190.4 + 245 = 435.4g
khoi luong dd H2SO4 sau pu la: m = 1120 + 200 = 1320g
C% cua dd thu duoc la: C%= ( 435.4 / 1320) *100 = 32.985%
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\ n_{SO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{SO_3}=80a\left(g\right);m_{H_2SO_4}=98a\left(g\right)\\ Vì:dd.thu.được.nồng.độ.20\%,nên.ta.có:\\ \dfrac{200.14,7\%+98a}{80a+200}.100\%=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow a=12,927\\ Vậy:m=m_{SO_3}=12,927\left(g\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pt: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo pt: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8g\)
\(C_{\%}dd_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m_{ct}}{m_{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{58,8}{200}.100\%=29,4\%\)
c) Theo pt: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng
\(m_{dd_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right) _3}}=m_{Al}+m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}-m_{H_2}\)
\(=10,8+200-0,6.2=209,6g\)
\(C_{\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{68,4}{209,6}.100\%\approx32,6\%\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(tăng\right)}=\dfrac{98}{80}m=\dfrac{49}{40}m=1,225m\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(dd.14,7\%\right)}=14,7.200=29,4\left(g\right)\\ Ta.có:C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(cuối\right)}=20\%\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{29,4+1,225m}{m+200}.100\%=20\%\\ m\approx10,3415\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Ba}=\dfrac{8,22}{137}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{200}.100\%=1,96\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=3,92\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{3,92}{98}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ba + H2SO4 ---> BaSO4↓ + H2
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,06}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{1}\)
=> Ba dư
Theo PT: \(n_{BaSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{BaSO_4}=0,04.233=9,32\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2}=0,04.2=0,08\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{BaSO_4}}=8,22+200-0,08=208,14\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{BaSO_4}}=\dfrac{9,32}{208,14}.100\%\approx4,48\%\)
\(a,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{200}\cdot100\%=7,3\%\\ b,n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,2\cdot24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{FeCl_2}}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{FeCl_2}}=11,2+200-0,4=210,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{210,8}\cdot100\%\approx12,05\%\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{80}{80}=1mol\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=1000\cdot1,2\cdot10\%=120g\\ SO_3+H_2O->H_2SO_4\\ C_{\%}=\dfrac{120+98}{1000\cdot1,2+80}\cdot100\%=17,03\%\)
\(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{200}{80}=2,5mol\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=200\cdot0,1=20g\\ SO_3+H_2O->H_2SO_4\\ C\%=\dfrac{20+2,5\cdot98}{200+200}\cdot100\%=66,25\text{%}\)