Điều Chế 230kg rượu cần bao nhiêu glucozo biết hiệu suất phản ứng là 60%
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\(V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{1.1000.40}{100}=400\left(ml\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH\left(TT\right)}=400.0,8=320\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{320.100}{80}=400\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{C_2H_5OH\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{400}{23}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{\text{men rượu}}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\uparrow\)
\(\dfrac{200}{23}\)<-----------------\(\dfrac{400}{23}\)
\(\rightarrow m_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{200}{23}.180=\dfrac{36000}{23}\left(g\right)\)
20l = 20000ml
\(V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{23.20000}{100}=4600\left(ml\right)\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=4600.0,8=3680\left(g\right)\\ n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{3680}{46}=80\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C6H12O6 --men rượu--> 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH
40<--------------------------------------80
\(m_{C_6H_{12}O_6}=\dfrac{40.180}{64\%}=11250\left(g\right)\)
n tinh bột = 1,62/162n = 0,01/n(kmol)
$(C_6H_{10}O_5)_n + nH_2O \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} n C_6H_{12}O_6$
n glucozo = n . n tinh bột . H% = n . 0,01/n . 85% = 0,0085(kmol)
$C_6H_{12}O_6 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2CO_2 + 2C_2H_5OH$
n C2H5OH = 2 . n glucozo . H% = 2.0,0085.90% = 0,0153(kmol)
$C_2H_5OH + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} CH_3COOH + H_2O$
n CH3COOH = n C2H5OH .H% = 0,0153.70% = 0,01071(kmol)
m CH3COOH = 0,01071.60 = 0,6426(kg)
Đổi 20l = 20000l
\(V_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{20000.46}{100}=9200\left(ml\right)\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=9200.0,8=7360\left(g\right)\\ n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{7360}{46}=160\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
C6H12O6 --men rượu--> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
80<----------------------------160
C6H10O5 + H2O ---> C6H12O6
80<----------------------80
\(\Rightarrow m_{tinh.bột}=\dfrac{80.162}{50\%.60\%}=43200\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2} = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(mol)\)
\(2KClO_3 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2KCl + 3O_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{KClO_3\ phản\ ứng} = \dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{KClO_3\ cần\ dùng} = \dfrac{0,2}{70\%} = \dfrac{2}{7}(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{KClO_3\ cần\ dùng} = \dfrac{2}{7}.122,5 = 35(gam)\)
Đáp án D
V(rượu) = 0,46 lít = 460ml. → m(rượu) = 460.0,8 = 368
Với H= 80%. m(glucozơ) = 368 . 180 2 . 46 . 0 , 8 = 900
CaCO3 ---------to------> CaO + CO2
100.................................56.........44 (g)
m<----------------------------280 (g)
=> m=\(\dfrac{280.100}{56}=500\left(g\right)\)
Vì H=80%
=> \(m=\dfrac{500}{80\%}=625\left(g\right)=0,625\left(kg\right)\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{280}{56}=5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + CO2 → CaCO3
Mol: 5 5
\(\Rightarrow m=m_{CaCO_3}=5.100.80\%=400\left(g\right)=0,4\left(kg\right)\)
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{t^o,xt}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{230}{46}=5\left(kmol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{C_6H_{12}O_6\left(LT\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{C_2H_5OH}=2,5\left(kmol\right)\)
Mà: H = 60%
\(\Rightarrow n_{C_6H_{12}O_6\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{2,5}{60\%}=\dfrac{25}{6}\left(kmol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{C_6H_{12}O_6\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{25}{6}.180=750\left(kg\right)\)
\(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{230}{46}=5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(C_6H_{12}O_6\underrightarrow{lenmen}2C_2H_5OH+2CO_2\uparrow\)
2,5 0,5
\(m_{C_6H_{12}O_6\left(lt\right)}=2,5.180=450\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{C_6H_{12}O_6\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{450.100}{60}=750\left(g\right)\)