Chứng minh : 1/2!+1/3!+1/4!+...+1/2023!<1
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M=(1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+...+1/5^2023) + 1/5x(1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+...+1/5^2022) + ... + 1/5^2021x(1/5+1/5^2) + 1/5^2022x1/5
Xét biểu thức N=1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3 + ... + 1/5^k (K>0, k thuộc Z)
=> 5N=1+1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+...+1/5^(k-1)
=> 4N= 5N - N =1 - 1/5^k
=> 1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3 + ... + 1/5^k = 1/4x(1-1/5^k)
Thay vào biểu thức M, ta có:
M= 1/4x(1-1/5^2023) + 1/5x1/4x(1-1/5^2022) + ... + 1/5^2021x1/4x(1-1/5^2) + 1/5^2022x1/4x(1-1/5)
=> 4M = (1+1/5+1/5^2+...+1/5^2022) - 2023/5^2023
=> 4M = 5/4x(1-1/5^2023)-2023/5^2023 < 5/4
=> M < 5/16 < 1/3
Vậy M < 1/3 [ vượt chỉ tiêu nhé =)) ]
=> 4S = 1 + 2/4 + 3/4^2 +...+ 2023/4^2022
=> 4S-S = 1 + (2/4-1/4) + (3/4^2 - 2/4^2) +...+ (2023/4^2022 - 2022/4^2022) - 2023/4^2023
=> 3S = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4^2 +...+ 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2023
=> 12S = 4 + 1 + 1/4 +... + 1/4^2021 - 2023/4^2022
=> 12S - 3S = 4 + (1-1) + (1/4-1/4) +... + (1/4^2021 - 1/4^2021) - 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
=> 9S = 4 - 1/4^2022 - 2023/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
= 4- 2024/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023
Do 2024/4^2022 > 2024/4^2023 > 2023/4^2023 nên - 2024/4^2022 + 2023/4^2023 < 0
=> 9S < 4 < 9/2
=> S < 1/2 (đpcm)
Ta có S = \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
4S = \(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2022}}\)
4S - S = ( \(1+\dfrac{2}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2022}}\) ) - ( \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4^2}+\dfrac{3}{4^3}+...+\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\))
3S = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}-\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
Đặt A = 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)
4A = 4 + 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2021}}\)
4A - A = ( 4 + 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2021}}\)) - ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\))
3A = 4 - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)
A = ( 4 - \(\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}}\)) : 3 = \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\)
⇒ 3S = \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\) - \(\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)
S = ( \(\dfrac{4}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3}\) - \(\dfrac{2023}{4^{2023}}\)) : 3 = \(\dfrac{4}{9}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2022}\cdot3^2}-\dfrac{1}{4^{2023}\cdot3}< \dfrac{4}{9}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy S < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\dfrac{8}{3^2}+\dfrac{15}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023^2-1}{2023^2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2^2-1}{2^2}+\dfrac{3^2-1}{3^2}+\dfrac{4^2-1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{2023^2-1}{2023^2}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{2^2}+1-\dfrac{1}{3^2}+1-\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+1-\dfrac{1}{2023^2}\)
\(A=(1+1+1+...+1)-(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+..+\dfrac{1}{2023^2})\)
Tổng số hạng của 2 ngoặc trên bằng nhau và =(2023-2):1+1=2022(số hạng)
\(A=2022-(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023^2})\)
Ta thấy:
\(0<\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023^2}<\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+..+\dfrac{1}{2022.2023}\)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+..+\dfrac{1}{2022.2023}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+..+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2023}<1\)
Do đó,2021<A<2022
Vậy giá trị của A không phải 1 số tự nhiên(đpcm)
A=
+ +...+ +
⇔2A= + + +...+ +
⇔2A-A=( + + +...+ +) - (
+ + +...+ +)
⇔A= -
Vậy A-1=22023
Sửa đề: \(A=1+2^2+2^4+...+2^{2022}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\cdot A=2^2+2^4+2^6+...+2^{2024}\)
=>\(4A-A=2^2+2^4+...+2^{2024}-1-2^2-...-2^{2022}\)
=>\(3A=2^{2024}-1\)
mà \(2\cdot B=2^{2024}\)
nên 3A và 2B là hai số tự nhiên liên tiếp
Lời giải:
$\frac{1}{2!}+\frac{1}{3!}+\frac{1}{4!}+...+\frac{1}{2023!}$
$< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{2022.2023}$
$=\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\frac{2023-2022}{2022.2023}$
$< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+....+\frac{1}{2022}-\frac{1}{2023}$
$=1-\frac{1}{2023}<1$
Ta có đpcm