Tính tổng:
a) C=\(2+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2+\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{2}}}}\)
b) S= \(1-2+2^2-2^3+...+2^{2014}\)
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\(S=2014+\frac{2014}{1+2}+\frac{2014}{1+2+3}+...+\frac{2014}{1+2+3+...+10000}\)
\(S=\frac{2014}{\frac{1.2}{2}}+\frac{2014}{\frac{2.3}{2}}+\frac{2014}{\frac{3.4}{2}}+...+\frac{2014}{\frac{10000.10001}{2}}\)
\(S=\frac{4028}{1.2}+\frac{4028}{2.3}+\frac{4028}{3.4}+...+\frac{4028}{10000.10001}\)
\(S=4028\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{10000.10001}\right)\)
\(S=4028\left(\frac{2-1}{1.2}+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+...+\frac{10001-10000}{10000.10001}\right)\)
\(S=4028\left(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{10000}-\frac{1}{10001}\right)\)
\(S=4028\left(1-\frac{1}{10001}\right)=\frac{40280000}{10001}\)
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\) ( Với \(k\ge2\))
Ta có:
\(1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2+\left(k+1\right)^2+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^4+2k^3+k^2+k^2+2k+1+k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{k^4+2k^2\left(k+1\right)+\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(k^2+k+1\right)^2}{\left(k\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{k^2}+\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}}=\frac{k^2+k+1}{k^2+k}=1+\frac{1}{k\left(k+1\right)}=1+\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+1-\frac{1}{2}+1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}=2014-\frac{1}{2014}\)
Mỗi biểu thức trong dấu căn có dạng:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 ( Với k≥2)
Ta có:
1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2(k+1)2+(k+1)2+k2k2(k+1)2 =k4+2k3+k2+k2+2k+1+k2k2(k+1)2
=k4+2k2(k+1)+(k+1)2k2(k+1)2 =(k2+k+1)2(k(k+1))2
⇒√1+1k2 +1(k+1)2 =k2+k+1k2+k =1+1k(k+1) =1+1k −1k+1
⇒S=1+1−12 +1+12 −13 +1+13 −14 +...+1+12013 −12014 =2014−12014
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}=\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3}\); \(\frac{1}{4^2}< \frac{1}{3.4}\); ......... ; \(\frac{1}{2014^2}< \frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+........+\frac{1}{2013.2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+.........+\frac{1}{2013}-\frac{1}{2014}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2014}=\frac{2013}{2014}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \frac{2013}{2014}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}\)
Xét mẫu:
\(\frac{2014}{1}+\frac{2013}{2}+\frac{2012}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\)
= \(\left(1+\frac{2013}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2012}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{1}{2014}\right)+1\)
= \(\frac{2014}{2}+\frac{2014}{3}+....+\frac{2014}{2013}+\frac{2014}{2014}\)
= \(2014\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}}{2014.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2014}\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{2014}\)