Cho A= 1+4+4^2+4^3+..+4^99
B= 4^100
Chứng minh A< B/3
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Lời giải:
$A=1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{99}$
$4A=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+....+4^{100}$
$\Rightarrow 4A-A=4^{100}-1$
$\Rightarrow 3A=4^{100}-1=B-1< B$
$\Rightarrow A< \frac{B}{3}$
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^{101}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A-A=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+...+3^{101}\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{100}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2A=3^{101}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{3^{101}-3}{2}< 3^{100}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< B\)
a. tính A = 3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100
3A=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5+....+3^100
3A-A=(3^2+3^3+3^4+....+3^101)-(3+3^2+3^3+3^4+.....+3^100)=3^101-3=3^100
mà B=3^100-1 => A<B
4A=4+4^2+4^3+4^4+....+4^100
4A-A=4^100-1
=>3A=4^100-1 mà 4^100-1<4^100
=>3A<B =>A<B/3(đpcm)
Ta có: A = 1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^99
=> 4A = 4.(1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^99)
=> 4A = 4+4^2+4^3+...+4^99+4^100
=> 4A - A = (4+4^2+4^3+...+4^99+4^100) - (1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^99)
=> 3A = 4^100 - 1
=> A = 4^100-1/3 < 4^100/3 mà B = 4^100
=> A < 4^100/3
Bài toán đã được chứng minh.
\(\Rightarrow3B=3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{101}\\ \Rightarrow3B-B=3^2+3^3+...+3^{101}-3-3^2-3^3-...-3^{100}\\ \Rightarrow2B=3^{101}-3\\ \Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3^{101}-3}{2}\)
B = 31 + 32 + 33 + .... + 399 + 3100
3B = 3(31 + 32 + 33 + ..... + 399 + 3100)
3B = 32 + 33 + 34 +...... + 3100 + 3101
3B - B = 2B = (32 + 33 + 34 + .... + 3100 + 3101) - ( 31 + 32 + 33 + .... + 3100)
2B = (32 - 32) + (33 - 33) +.....+ ( 3100 - 3100) + ( 3101 - 1)
2B = 0 + 0 + 0 + ..... +0 + 3101 - 1
2B = 3101 - 1
B = (3101 - 1) : 2
A=1+4+42+43+.......+499 4A=4+42+43+44+.....+4100 4A-A=4+42+43+44+.....+4100 -1-4-42-43-.......-499 3A=4100-1 => A=(4100-1)/3 Vì 4100>4100-1 nên (4100-1)/3 < 4100/3 HAY A<B/3(ĐPCM)
\(A=1+4+4^2+...+4^{99}\)
=>\(4A=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}\)
=>\(4A-A=\left(4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{100}\right)-\left(1+4+4^2+...+4^{98}\right)\)
=>\(3A=4^{100}-1\)
=>\(A=\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}< \frac{4^{100}}{3}=\frac{B}{3}\)
Ta có đpcm
4A=4+42+43+44+...+499+4100
=> 4A-A=4+42+43+44+...+499+4100-(1+4+42+43+44+...+499)=4100-1
=> 3A=4100-1 => A=\(\frac{4^{100}-1}{3}=\frac{4^{100}}{3}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{B}{3}-\frac{1}{3}\)
=> A < B/3