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\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.12}{22.4}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.05\cdot24=1.2g\)
\(m_{MgO}=9.2-1.2=8\left(g\right)\)
nH2=0,1(mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,1__________0,2___________0,1(mol)
MgO + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O
0,05____0,1___0,05(mol)
mMg=0,1. 24= 2,4(g) -> mMgO=4,4-2,4= 2(g) -> nMgO=0,05((mol)
b) %mMg= (2,4/4,4).100=54,545%
=> %mMgO=45,455%
c) nHCl=0,3(mol) -> mHCl=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)
=> mddHCl=(10,95.100)/7,3=150(g)
\(a.Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ MgO+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2O\\ b.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=n_{Mg}=0,1mol\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{6}=40\%;\%m_{MgO}=60\%\\ n_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,6.6}{40}=0,09\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgCl_2}=0,1+0,09=0,19\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,19.2=0,38\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,38.36,5}{0,2.1,1}=63,0\left(mL\right)\\ C_{M\left(MgCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,19}{0,063}=3,0\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\\ m_{MgO}=18,4-4,8=13,6g\)
a) nH2=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,2______0,4_______0,2_____0,2(mol)
PTHH: MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O
b) mMgO= 8,8 - 0,2.24=4(g)
%mMgO= (4/8,8).100= 45,455%
=>%Mg=54,545%
c) nHCl(tổng)= 2. nMg + 2. nMgO= 2. 0,2+ 0,1.2=0,6(mol)
=> mHCl= 0,6.36,5=21,9(g)
=>mddHCl=(21,9.100)/7,3=300(g)
d) mddMgCl2= mddHCl + m(hỗn hợp ban đầu) - mH2
<=>mddHCl= 300+ 8,8- 0,2.2= 308,4(g)
nMgCl2=0,3(mol) => mMgCl2= 0,3.95=28,5(g)
=>C%ddMgCl2= (28,5/308,4).100=9,241%
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Ca+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{0,1.40}{10}.100=40\%\\\%m_{MgO}=100\%-40\%=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=2,775\%\\C\%_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{10+390,2-0,1.2}.100=1\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{12}\cdot100\%\approx46,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\\\%m_{Cu}=53,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Cu không phản ứng
\(nH_2=nFe=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(\rightarrow mFe=0,1.56=5,6gam\)
\(\rightarrow\%mFe=\dfrac{5,6}{12}.100\%=46,\left(6\right)\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%mCu=100\%-46,\left(6\right)\%=53,\left(3\right)\%\)
c)
\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{0,2}=1M\)
Fe+ H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
0,1___0,1______0,1__0,1(mol)
FeO+ H2SO4-> FeSO4 + H2O
=>mFe= 0,1.56=5,6(g)
=>%mFe=(5,6/12.8).100=43.75%
=>%mFeO=56,25%
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{6}.100\%=40\%\)
⇒ mMgO = 6 - 2,4 = 3,6 (g) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{3,6}{6}.100\%=60\%\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{3,6}{40}=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=0,38\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,38.36,5}{7,3\%}=190\left(g\right)\)
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