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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
a)\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{Fe}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
b)\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{12}\cdot100\%=46,67\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\)
c)\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\)
\(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot90=9\left(g\right)\)
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe
=> mFe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)
b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\) (1)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (2)
b) Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,024}{22,4}=0,135\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của Fe là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=a\)
Gọi số mol của Al là \(b\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}b\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=0,135\\56b+27b=4,14\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,045\\b=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,045\cdot56=2,52\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=1,62\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,52}{4,14}\cdot100\%\approx60,87\%\\\%m_{Al}=39,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Fe\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)
\(AlCl_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3NaCl\)
\(4Fe\left(OH\right)_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4H_2O\)
\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,045mol\\n_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,06mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,0225mol\\n_{Al_2O_3}=0,03mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,0225\cdot160=3,6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,03\cdot102=3,06\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{chấtrắn}=3,06+3,6=6,66\left(g\right)\)
\(a,Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{13,6}.100\%\approx41,176\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}\approx58,824\%\\ b,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{13,6-0,1.56}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=2.\left(n_{Fe}+n_{CuO}\right)=2.\left(0,1+0,1\right)=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
