Cho x, y, z khác 0 thỏa mãn:
x+y+z=xyz ; \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\sqrt{3}\)
Tính \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
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\(x+\frac{1}{y}=y+\frac{1}{z}=z+\frac{1}{x}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=\frac{1}{z}-\frac{1}{y}=\frac{y-z}{xy}\\y-z=\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{z}=\frac{z-x}{xz}\\z-x=\frac{1}{y}-\frac{1}{x}=\frac{x-y}{xy}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)}{\left(xyz\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(xyz\right)^2}=1\Rightarrow xyz=\pm1\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{2013x}{xy+2013x+2013}+\frac{y}{yz+y+2013}+\frac{z}{xz+z+1}\)
\(=\frac{x^2yz}{xy+x^2yz+xyz}+\frac{y}{yz+y+xyz}+\frac{z}{xz+z+1}\)
\(=\frac{xz}{1+xz+z}+\frac{1}{z+1+xz}+\frac{z}{xz+z+1}\)
\(=\frac{xz+z+1}{xz+z+1}=1\)
=>đpcm
2013x/xy+2013x+2013 + y/yz+y+2013 + z/xz+z+1
= xyz.x/xy+xyz.x+xyz + y/yz+y+xyz + z/xz+z+1
= xz/1+xz+z + 1/z+1+xz + z/xz+z+1
= xz+1+x/1+xz+x = 1 (đpcm)
Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(yz\right)^2+\left(xz\right)^2+\left(xy\right)^2+2xyz}{\left(xyz\right)^2}=1\)
<=> (xy)2 + (yz)2 + (zx)2 + 2xyz = (xyz)2
<=> (xy)2 + (yz)2 + (xz)2 + 2xyz(x + y + z) = (xyz)2
<=> (xy + yz + zx)2 = (xyz)2
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy+yz+zx=xyz\\xy+yz+zx=-xyz\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Khi xy + yz + zx = -xyz
=> \(\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=-1< 0\left(\text{loại}\right)\)
=> xy + yz + zx = xyz
<=> \(xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=xyz\Leftrightarrow xyz\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}-1\right)=0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
<=> \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}=\dfrac{-\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)z}\)
<=> \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{xz+yz+z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xy}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{\left(zx+yz+z^2\right)xy}=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\y=-z\\z=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi x = -y => y = 1 => P = 1
Tương tự y = -z ; z = -x được P = 1
Vậy P = 1
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2xyz}{xyz}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=1\)
Xét: \(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}+\frac{z}{xyz}=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}+\frac{1}{xy}=1\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\sqrt{3}\)<=>\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{2}{xz}=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\right)=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2.1=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2=3\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=1\)
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