cho 9,4g K2O vào 200g dd KOH 5,6% thu được 200ml dd. tìm CM của dd thu được?
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bổ sung:
\(m_{dd}=400+0,2.56=411,2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{H2SO4}dư=\dfrac{\left(0,2-0,1\right)98}{411,2}.100\%=2,38\%\)
\(n_{K2SO4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C\%_{K2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1.174}{411,2}.100\%=4,23\%\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6.100}{100}=19,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KOH + H2SO4 ---> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,4<-----0,2--------->0,2
\(\rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=400+100=500\left(g\right)\\ m_{K_2SO_4}=174.0,2=34,8\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{34,8}{500}.100\%=6,96\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.19,6\%}{98}=0,2mol\)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
0,4 0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56}{5,6\%}=400g\)
\(C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.174}{100+400}.100=6,96\%\)
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,75.0,1=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2KOH + CO2 --> K2CO3 + H2O
0,075--->0,0375---->0,0375
K2CO3 + CO2 + H2O --> 2KHCO3
0,0125<-0,0125----------->0,025
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaHCO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(Na_2CO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,1}=0,25M\\C_{M\left(NaHCO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,1}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
0,025----->0,05
NaHCO3 + HCl --> NaCl + CO2 + H2O
0,025----->0,025
=> nHCl = 0,075(mol)
=> \(C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,2}=0,375M\)
Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
PT ion: \(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H^+}=0,2\cdot0,5\cdot2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) H+ còn dư 0,1 mol
\(\Rightarrow\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}=0,4\left(M\right)\) \(\Rightarrow pH=-log\left(0,4\right)\approx0,4\)
nK2O = 9.4/94 = 0.1 (mol)
mKOH = 200*5.6/100 = 11.2 (g)
nKOH = 11.2/56 = 0.2 (mol)
K2O + H2O => 2KOH
0.1.........................0.2
nKOH = 0.2 + 0.2 = 0.4 (mol)
CMKOH = 0.4 / 0.2 = 2M
\(n_{K_2O} = \dfrac{9,4}{94}=0,1(mol)\\ K_2O + H_2O \to 2KOH\\ n_{KOH} = 2n_{K_2O} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{KOH\ trong\ dd} = 0,2 + \dfrac{200.5,6\%}{56} = 0,4(mol)\\ C_{M_{KOH}} = \dfrac{0,4}{0,2} = 2M\)