Chứng minh:
a, B=\(x^2-xy+y>0\) (với mọi x,y; t/m: \(x^2+y^2\ne0\))
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a) \(x^2+y^2-2x+4y+6=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1>0\forall x,y\)
b) \(2x^2+2x+3=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{2}\ge\dfrac{5}{2}>0\forall x\)
c) \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2+2xz+z^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+15
=x^2+4y^2+z^2-2x-6z+8y+1+1+4+9
=(x^2-2x+1)+(4y^2+8y+4)+(z^2-6z+9)+1
=(x-1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z-3^)2+1
Ta thấy:(x−1)^2≥0
4(y+1)^2≥0
(z−3)^ 2≥0
{(x−1)^24(y+1)^2(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)^2+4(y+1)^2+(z−3)^2≥0
⇒(x−1)2+4(y+1)2+(z−3)2+1≥0+1=1>0
Ta có : x2 + 2x + 2
= x2 + 2x + 1 + 1
= (x + 1)2 + 1 \(\ge1\forall x\)
Vậy x2 + 2x + 2 \(>0\forall x\)
Ta có : x2 + 2x + 2
=> x2 + 2x + 1 + 1
=> ( x + 1)2 + 1 > 1\(\forall x\)
Vậy x2 + 2x + 2 > \(0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.3.x+9+1=\left(x-3\right)^2+1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\\1>0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.\frac{3}{2}.x+\frac{9}{4}+\frac{7}{4}=\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\\\frac{7}{4}>0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.\left(x^2+xy+y^2+1\right)=x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2+y^2+2=\left(x+y\right)^2+x^2+y^2+2\)
ta có \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge0,x^2\ge0,y^2\ge0,2>0\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+x^2+y^2+2>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-2.1x+1+y^2+2.2.y+4+3\)\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3\)
Ta có \(=\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0,\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0,\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0,3>0\)\(\Rightarrow=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3>0\)
T i c k cho mình 1 cái nha mới bị trừ 50 đ
a/ \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)=\(\left(x^2+2x\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
=\(\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\) \(\ge\)0
vậy....
b
a, \(x^2+xy+y^2+1=x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}xy+\dfrac{1}{2}xy+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2+1\)
Với mọi giá trị của \(x;y\in R\) ta có:
\(\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy............
b, \(5x^2+10y^2-6xy-4x-2y+3\)
\(=x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x^2-4x+1+y^2-2y+1+1\)
\(=x^2-3xy-3xy+9y^2+4x^2-2x-2x+1+y^2-y-y+1+1\)
\(=x\left(x-3y\right)-3y\left(x-3y\right)+2x\left(2x-1\right)-\left(2x-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\)
Với mọi giá trị của \(x;y\in R\) ta có:
\(\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-3y\right)^2+\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Vậy..............
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
làm tắt ko hiểu thì hỏi
a) \(=x^2+2.xy.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}y^2-\frac{1}{4}y^2+y^2+1\)
\(=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}y^2+1>0\)
b) \(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(4y^2+8y+4\right)+\left(z^2-6x+9\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y+2\right)^2+\left(z-3\right)^2+1>0\)
Giải:
a) \(x^2+xy+y^2+1\)
\(=x^2+2.x.\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+2.x.\dfrac{y}{2}+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\ge1>0;\forall x\)
Vậy ...
Hắc Hường BĐT ở đây. Cj nghĩ cấp 2 chỉ học 1 số loại này thôi
1.BĐT Cauchy
\(A+B\ge2\sqrt{AB}\) (Áp dụng cho 2 số k âm)
\(A+B+C\ge3\sqrt[3]{ABC}\) (Áp dụng cho 3 số k âm )
2.BĐT Bunhiacopxki
\(\left(Ax+By\right)^2\le\left(A^2+B^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
3.BĐT Mincopxki
\(\sqrt{A^2+x^2}+\sqrt{B^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(A+B\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
4.BĐT Chebyshev
Với A>B, x>y thì
\(\left(A+B\right)\left(x+y\right)\le2\left(ax+by\right)\)
Vs 3 sô thì bên vế phải thay 2 bằng 3
5.BĐT Benuli
\(\left(1+h\right)^n\ge1+nh\)
6.BĐT Holder
Với a,b,c,x,y,z,m,n,p là sô thực dương
\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\left(m^3+n^3+p^3\right)\ge\left(axm+byn+czp\right)^3\)
7.BĐT Sơ-vác-sơ
\(\dfrac{a_1^2}{b_1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{b_2}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{b_n}\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{b_1+b_2+...+b_n}\)
8. \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
9. \(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\)
10. \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
11. \(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
12. \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)13. \(a^3+b^3\ge a^2b+ab^2\)
14. \(\dfrac{a^3}{b}\ge a^2+ab-b^2\)( Ít áp dụng )
15. \(\left|a\right|+\left|b\right|\ge\left|a+b\right|\)
\(\left|a\right|-\left|b\right|\le\left|a-b\right|\)
\(\left|\dfrac{x}{y}\right|+\left|\dfrac{y}{x}\right|\ge\left|\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}\right|\ge2\)
16. \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+ac+bc\)
\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)