đốt cháy một hỗn hợp gồm bột fe và mg trong đó mg có khối lượng là 0,2,4 gam cần dùng 0,336 (l) ở đktc .tính khối lượng sắt phản ứng
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a,đổi.672ml=0,672l
tổng.số.mol.O2.cần.dùng.là:n=V/22,4=0,672/22,4=0,03(mol)
(1)3Fe+2O2--->Fe3O4
(2)2Mg+O2--->2MgO
số.mol.Mg.dùng.trong.PƯ.là:n=m/M=0,48/24=0,02(mol)
theo.PT(.2,)số.mol.O2.cần.dùng.để.tham.gia.PƯ.là:0,02x1:2=0,01(mol)
=>số.mol.O2.dùng.cho.PƯ.(1).là:0,03-0,01=0,02(mol)
theo.PT.(1),số.mol.Fe.là:0,02x3:2=0,03(mol)
Khối.lượng.sắt.là:0,03x56=1,68(g)
khối.lượng.hỗn.hợp.ban.đầu.là.:0,48+1,68=2,16(g)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0.48}{24}=0.02\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0.672}{22.4}=0.03\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2MgO\)
\(0.02...0.01\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}Fe_3O_4\)
\(0.03...\left(0.03-0.01\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.03\cdot56=1.68\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=1.68+0.48=2.16\left(g\right)\)
Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Fe và Mg.
Theo đề, ta có: \(56x+24y=13,2\) (*)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(3Fe+2O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}Fe_3O_4\left(1\right)\)
\(2Mg+O_2\overset{t^o}{--->}2MgO\left(2\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,2\) (**)
Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=13,2\\\dfrac{2}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề: \(m_{hh}=36\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}+m_{Fe}=36\\ \Rightarrow24x+56y=36\left(1\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\\ \left(mol\right)....x\rightarrow...0,5x.....x\\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ \left(mol\right)....y\rightarrow...\dfrac{2}{3}y....\dfrac{1}{3}y\)
Theo đề: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow0,5x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,6\left(2\right)\)
\(\xrightarrow[\left(2\right)]{\left(1\right)}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=36\\0,5x+\dfrac{2}{3}y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,8\\y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,8.24=19,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ m_r=m_{MgO}+m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,8.40+\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3.232=55,2\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: C+O2→CO20,3mol:0,3mol→0,3molC+O2→CO20,3mol:0,3mol→0,3mol
S+O2→SO20,2mol:0,2mol→0,2molS+O2→SO20,2mol:0,2mol→0,2mol
mC=36%10100%=3,6(g)⇔nC=3,612=0,3(mol)mC=36%10100%=3,6(g)⇔nC=3,612=0,3(mol)
mS=10−3,6=6,4(g)⇔nS=6,432=0,2(mol)mS=10−3,6=6,4(g)⇔nS=6,432=0,2(mol)
VO2=(0,3+0,2)22,4=11,2(l)VO2=(0,3+0,2)22,4=11,2(l)
mhh=mCO2+mSO2=0,3.44+0,2.64=26(g)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\x_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=17,6\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(m_{Mg}=0,4\cdot24=9,6g\)
\(m_{Ca}=0,2\cdot40=8g\)
b)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)
Từ hai pt: \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6g\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot6,72=33,6l\)
a)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24.n_{Mg}+40.n_{Ca}=17,6\\n_{Mg}=2.n_{Ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,2-->0,1
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4--->0,2
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=6,72.5=33,6\left(l\right)\)
PTHH: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) (1)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\) (2)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,375\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2\left(1\right)}+n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{16,8}{22,4}=0,75\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(2\right)}=0,375\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Mg}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,75\cdot24}{0,75\cdot24+13,5}\cdot100\%\approx57,14\%\)
lối
ukm