Question

[Trần Đại Nghĩa]

Giải hệ phương trình \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y+xy=3\\x^2+y^2+3x^2y-3xy^2=11\end{cases}}\)

Answer 1

[ミ★Zero ❄ ( Hoàng Nhật )]

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y+xy=3\\x^2+y^2+3x^2y-3xy^2=11\left(1\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+3x^2y-3xy^2=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy+3x^2y-3xy^2=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy+3xy\left(x-y\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+xy\left(x-y\right)+2xy+2xy\left(x-y\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y+xy\right)+2xy\left(x-y+1\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(x-y\right)+2xy\left(x-y+1\right)=11\)\(\left(2\right)\)

Đặt \(S=x-y\), \(P=xy\) 

Thay S,P vào hệ phương trình ta được :

\(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=3\\3.S+2.P.\left(S+1\right)=11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=3-P\\3.\left(3-P\right)+2.P\left(3-P+1\right)=11\end{cases}}\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}S=3-P\\9-3P+8P-2P^2=11\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)

Giải ( 3 ) \(2P^2-5P+2=0\)

 \(\Leftrightarrow2P^2-4P-P+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2P\left(P-2\right)-\left(P-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2P-1\right)\left(P-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}P=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow S=\frac{5}{2}\\P=2\Rightarrow S=1\end{cases}}\)

+ P = 2 , S = 1 \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=1\\xy=2\end{cases}}\)< = > \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1+y\\y\left(1+y\right)=2\end{cases}}\)< = > x = 1 + y hoặc y = 1 và y = -2

<= > , y = 1 => x = 2

       , y = -2 => x = -1

+ \(P=\frac{1}{2},S=\frac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=\frac{5}{2}\\xy=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{5}{2}+y\\\left(\frac{5}{2}+y\right)y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\) < = > x = 5/2 + y hoặc \(y=\frac{\sqrt{33}-5}{4}\)và \(y=\frac{-\sqrt{33}-5}{4}\)

< = > \(x=\frac{\sqrt{33}+5}{4}\) , \(y=\frac{\sqrt{33}-5}{4}\)

       \(x=\frac{5-\sqrt{33}}{4}\), \(y=\frac{-\sqrt{33}-5}{4}\)

Answer 2

[Nguyễn Việt Lâm]

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+xy=3\\\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy+3xy\left(x-y\right)=11\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=u\\xy=v\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u+v=3\\u^2+2v+3uv=11\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow u^2+2\left(3-u\right)+3u\left(3-u\right)=11\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2u^2-7u+5=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}u=1\Rightarrow v=2\\u=\dfrac{5}{2}\Rightarrow v=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=1\\v=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=1\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=x-1\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x\left(x-1\right)=2\Rightarrow x^2-x-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\Rightarrow y=-2\\x=2\Rightarrow y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\dfrac{5}{2}\\v=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) ... tương tự