$\dfrac{x+2}{3}=$ $\dfrac{x+1}{x^2-9}$
Giải pt
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Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{1}{x-y+2}=a;\frac{1}{x+y-1}=b$ thì HPT trở thành cơ bản:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix}
14a-10b=9\\
3a+2b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix}
14a-10b=9\\
15a+10b=20\end{matrix}\right.\)
$\Rightarrow (14a-10b)+(15a+10b)=9+20$
$\Leftrightarrow 29a=29\Leftrightarrow a=1$.
$b=\frac{4-3a}{2}=\frac{1}{2}$
Vậy: \(\left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{1}{x-y+2}=1\\ \frac{1}{x+y-1}=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-y+2=1\\ x+y-1=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-y=-1\\ x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=1\\ y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56\left(x+1\right)+63\left(x+2\right)=72\left(x+3\right)+84\left(x+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow56\left(x+1\right)+63\left(x+2\right)-72\left(x+3\right)-84\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-37x-370=0\Leftrightarrow x=-10\)
\(\frac{x+1}{9}+\frac{x+2}{8}=\frac{x+3}{7}+\frac{x+4}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x+1}{9}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+2}{8}+2\right)=\left(\frac{x+3}{7}+1\right)+\left(\frac{x+4}{6}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+10}{9}+\frac{x+10}{8}-\frac{x+10}{7}-\frac{x+10}{6}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+10\right)\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\right)=0\)
Mà \(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{8}-\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-10\)
Vậy $x = -10$
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}}{x}+\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}}{y}+\dfrac{\dfrac{8}{9}}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5}{6}\\\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{3}}{x}+\dfrac{\dfrac{14}{9}}{y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(1\right)\\\dfrac{2}{3x}+\dfrac{14}{9y}=1\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhân cả hai vế (1) cho \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3x}+\dfrac{2}{3y}=\dfrac{5.2}{6.3}\\\dfrac{2}{3x}+\dfrac{14}{9y}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{3x}+\dfrac{2}{3y}=\dfrac{10}{18}\left(3\right)\\\dfrac{2}{3x}+\dfrac{14}{9y}=1\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lấy (4) trừ (3) ta có:
\(\dfrac{14}{9y}-\dfrac{2}{3y}=1-\dfrac{10}{18}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8}{9y}=\dfrac{4}{9}\)\(\Leftrightarrow y=2\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{1}{2}}=3\)
mình lười nên nói cách làm nhé
B1: chuyển \(\dfrac{6}{x^2-9}\)sang vế trái và thêm dấu trừ ở trc \(\dfrac{6}{x^2-9}\)và vế phải =0
B2: để ý thấy \(x^2-9\)=(x-3).(x+3) tức là hằng đẳng thức số 3 ý
B3: quy đồng mẫu , mẫu số chung là (x-3).(x+3).(2x+7)
B4: chia cả hai vế cho (x-3).(x+3).(2x+7)
lưu ý : bước này là dấu⇒ chứ ko phải dấu ⇔ nhé
B5: giải pt như bình thg thui
ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{3;-3;-\dfrac{7}{2}\right\}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{13}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+7\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2x+7}=\dfrac{6}{x^2-9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{13\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(2x+7\right)}+\dfrac{x^2-9}{\left(2x+7\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)}=\dfrac{6\left(2x+7\right)}{\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(2x+7\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(13x+39+x^2-9=12x+42\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+13x+30-12x-42=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x-3x-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)-3\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\left(nhận\right)\\x=3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={-4}
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;-2\right\}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+1}{x-2}-\dfrac{5}{x+2}=\dfrac{12}{x^2-4}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}-\dfrac{5\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{12}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2-4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(x^2+3x+2-5x+10=12+x^2-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x+12-8-x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x=-4\)
hay x=2(loại)
Vậy: \(S=\varnothing\)
b) Ta có: \(\left|2x+6\right|-x=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+6\right|=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+6=x+3\left(x\ge-3\right)\\-2x-6=x+3\left(x< -3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-x=3-6\\-2x-x=3+6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(nhận\right)\\x=-3\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={-3}
Đặt t=x2-2x+3(t\(\ge\)2)
PTTT: \(\dfrac{1}{t-1}+\dfrac{1}{t}=\dfrac{9}{2\left(t+1\right)}\)
<=>2t2+2t+2t2-2=9t2-9
<=>5t2-2t-7=0
<=>(t+1)(5t-7)=0
Do t\(\ge\)2
=>t+1>0 5t-7>0
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2-2x+2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2-2x+3}=\dfrac{9}{2\left(x^2-2x+4\right)}\)
Đặt \(t=x^2-2x+2=\left(x-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Thì ta có:
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{1}{t+1}=\dfrac{9}{2\left(t+2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5t^2-t-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5t^2-5t\right)+\left(4t-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)\left(5t+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5t+4=0\\t-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-\dfrac{4}{5}\left(l\right)\\t=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x+2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy PT có 1 nghiệm là x = 1
2.
\(\dfrac{x+5}{2006}+\dfrac{x+4}{2007}+\dfrac{x+3}{2008}< \dfrac{x+9}{2002}+\dfrac{x+10}{2001}+\dfrac{x+11}{2000}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+5}{2006}+1+\dfrac{x+4}{2007}+1+\dfrac{x+3}{2008}+1< \dfrac{x+9}{2002}+1+\dfrac{x+10}{2001}+1+\dfrac{x+11}{2000}+1\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2011}{2006}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2007}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2008}< \dfrac{x+2011}{2002}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2001}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2000}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+2011}{2006}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2007}+\dfrac{x+2011}{2008}-\dfrac{x+2011}{2002}-\dfrac{x+2011}{2001}-\dfrac{x+2011}{2000}< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2011\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2006}+\dfrac{1}{2007}+\dfrac{1}{2008}-\dfrac{1}{2002}-\dfrac{1}{2001}-\dfrac{1}{2000}\right)< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+2011\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2006}-\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2007}-\dfrac{1}{2001}+\dfrac{1}{2008}-\dfrac{1}{2000}\right)< 0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2006}< \dfrac{1}{2002}\\\dfrac{1}{2007}< \dfrac{1}{2001}\\\dfrac{1}{2008}< \dfrac{1}{2000}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2006}-\dfrac{1}{2002}< 0\\\dfrac{1}{2007}-\dfrac{1}{2001}< 0\\\dfrac{1}{2008}-\dfrac{1}{2000}< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2006}-\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2007}-\dfrac{1}{2001}+\dfrac{1}{2008}-\dfrac{1}{2000}\right)< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x>0\)
Vậy \(x>0\)