Cho biểu thức :
B = x3 + x2z + y2z - xyz + y3
a) hãy phân tích B thành nhân tử
b) chứng minh rằng nếu x+y+z=1 thì B \(\ge\) 0
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Ta có:
\(x^3+x^2z-xyz+y^2z+y^3\)
\(=\left(x^3+y^3\right)+\left(x^2z-xyz+y^2z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=0\cdot\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=0\left(dpcm\right)\)
a: =(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)-3xyz
=(x+y+z)(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2)-3xy(x+y+z)
=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz)
b: a+b+c<>0
A=(a+b+c)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3/a+b+c
=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc)/(a+b+c)
=a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc
=1/2[a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+a^2-2ac+c^2]
=1/2[(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(a-c)^2]>=0
a) \(70a+84b-20ab-24b^2\)
\(=\left(70a+84b\right)-\left(20ab+24b^2\right)\)
\(=14\left(5a+6b\right)-4b\left(5a+6b\right)\)
\(=\left(5a+6b\right)\left(14-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(5a+6b\right)\left(7-2b\right)\)
b) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+3xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2+xyz\right)+\left(x^2z+xyz+xz^2\right)+\left(xyz+y^2z+yz^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y+z\right)+xz\left(x+y+z\right)+yz\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
c) \(x^2y+xy^2+x^2z+xz^2+y^2z+yz^2+2xyz\)
\(=\left(x^2y+xy^2\right)+\left(xz^2+yz^2\right)+\left(x^2z+2xyz+y^2z\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=xy\left(x+y\right)+z^2\left(x+y\right)+z\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[xy+z^2+z\left(x+y\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+z^2+xz+yz\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(xy+yz\right)+\left(xz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+z\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
a, 70a + 84b - 20ab - 24b2
= 14.(5a + 6b) - 4b(5a + 6b)
= (5a + 6b).(14 - 4b)
a: (x+y+z)^3-x^3-y^3-z^3
=(x+y+z-x)(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-xz+z^2)-(y+z)(y^2-yz+z^2)
=(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)
b: x^3+y^3+z^3=1
x+y+z=1
=>x+y=1-z
x^3+y^3+z^3=1
=>(x+y)^3+z^3-3xy(x+y)=1
=>(1-z)^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1
=>1-3z-3z^2-z^3+z^3-3xy(1-z)=1
=>1-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=1
=>-3z+3z^2-3xy(1-z)=0
=>-3z(1-z)-3xy(1-z)=0
=>(z-1)(z+xy)=0
=>z=1 và xy=0
=>z=1 và x=0; y=0
A=1+0+0=1
3) \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)
4) \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)
\(=\left(x^3-4x^2\right)-\left(9x-36\right)\)
\(=x^2\cdot\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x^2-9\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\\ =x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\\ =\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\\ =\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2y\right)\\ ---\\ x^3-4x^2-9x+36\\ =x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\\ =\left(x^2-9\right)\left(x-4\right)\\ =\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
a: \(=x\left(x-3\right)-4y\left(x-3\right)\)
=(x-3)(x-4y)
d: \(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2+x+2\right)\)
=2x(x+2)
\(a,=x\left(x-3\right)-4y\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-4y\right)\left(x-3\right)\\ b,=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-3x+1\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)\left(1-a\right)\\ d,=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-2+x+2\right)=2x\left(x-2\right)\\ e,=x^2\left(x+y\right)-xz\left(x+y\right)=x\left(x-z\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ f,=\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
a) \(B=x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
b) \(B=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=x^2-xy+y^2\)
\(=x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2\ge0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=0\)