tính giá trị của biểu thức x2+y2 biết rằng: \(x\sqrt{1-y^2}+y\sqrt{1-x^2}=1\)
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Ta có :
D = x 2 ( x + y ) − y 2 ( x + y ) + x 2 − y 2 + 2 ( x + y ) + 3 = ( x + y ) x 2 − y 2 + x 2 − y 2 + 2 ( x + y ) + 2 + 1 = x 2 − y 2 ( x + y + 1 ) + 2 ( x + y + 1 ) + 1 = x 2 − y 2 ⋅ 0 + 2 ⋅ 0 + 1 = 1 tai x + y + 1 = 0
Vậy D = 1 khi x + y + 1 = 0
Chọn đáp án D
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski ta có:
\(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\sqrt{\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\left(4^2+1^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4x+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4y+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4x+4y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[4\left(x+y\right)+\frac{4}{x+y}\right]=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(16+1\right)=\sqrt{17}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại x=y=2
\(xy+\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}=a\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2y^2+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}+\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(1+y^2\right)+y^2\left(1+x^2\right)+2.x\sqrt{1+y^2}.y\sqrt{1+x^2}+1=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x\sqrt{1+y^2}+y\sqrt{1+x^2}\right)^2+1=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow E^2+1=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow E=\pm\sqrt{a^2-1}\)
\(E^2=x^2\left(y^2+1\right)+y^2\left(x^2+1\right)+2xy\sqrt{\left(y^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}\)
\(=2\left(xy\right)^2+x^2+y^2+2xy\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}\)
\(a^2=\left(xy\right)^2+2xy\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}+\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\)
\(=2\left(xy\right)^2+2xy\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}+x^2+y^2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow E^2=a^2-1\Rightarrow E=\sqrt{a^2-1}\)
\(E=x\sqrt{1+y^2}+y\sqrt{1+x^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow E^2=x^2\left(1+y^2\right)+y^2\left(1+x^2\right)+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}\)
\(=2x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xy\left(a-xy\right)\)
\(=2x^2y^2+x^2+y^2+2xya-2x^2y^2\)
\(=x^2+y^2+2xya\)
\(=\left(2xy\right)2+a=a^2+a=E^2\)
\(E=\sqrt{a^2+a}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(M=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}{1+\sqrt{xy}}=\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
b) \(x=\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\left|1-\sqrt{3}\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)
\(y=3-\sqrt{8}\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{3-\sqrt{8}}=\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2.\sqrt{2}.1+1^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{2}-1\right|=\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\)
Đáp án B
Ta có x 2 + 1 x 2 - 1 ≥ 2 x 2 . 1 x 2 - 1 = 1 ⇒ 4 x 2 + 1 x 2 - 1 ≥ 4 14 - y - 2 y + 1 ≤ 16 ⇒ log 2 14 - y - 2 y + 1 ≤ 4
Theo giả thiết 4 x 2 + 1 x 2 - 1 = log 2 14 - y - 2 y + 1 ⇒ x 2 = 1 x 2 y = 0 ⇔ x 2 = 1 y = 0
Vậy giá trị biểu thức P = x 2 + y 2 - x y + 1 = 2 .
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