Cho \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\). Chứng minh rằng \(\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)=\(\frac{a}{d}\)
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Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk,c=dk\)
Ta có: \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\left[\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right]^3=\left(\frac{b}{d}\right)^3=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^3+b^3}{\left(dk\right)^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\frac{b^3\left(k^3+1\right)}{d^3\left(k^3+1\right)}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1!) và (2) => \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\)
Ta có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{b}{c}\right)^3=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^3=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)
=> \(\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}.\frac{a}{b}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)
=> \(\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\) (Vì \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\))
=> \(\frac{a}{d}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)(đpcm)
\(P=\left(b+c+d\right)\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{d}\right)=1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+1+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}+1\)
\(=3+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
Mặt khác do \(b\le c\le d\Rightarrow\left(d-c\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cd-bd-c^2+bc\ge0\Leftrightarrow bc+cd\ge c^2+bd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+cd}{cd}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{cd}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+1\ge\frac{c}{d}+\frac{b}{c}\)
\(\frac{bc+cd}{bc}\ge\frac{c^2+bd}{bc}\Leftrightarrow\frac{d}{b}+1\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\right)+2\ge\frac{b}{c}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{d}{c}=P\)
Mà \(a\le b\le d\le2a\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{b}{d}\le1\\1\le\frac{d}{b}\le2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{b}{d}-1\right)\left(\frac{d}{b}-2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow1-2\frac{b}{d}-\frac{d}{b}+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\le3-\frac{b}{d}\le3-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2.\frac{5}{2}+2=7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=c=a\\d=2a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=ab.\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{b}{4}+\frac{a}{4}\)
Tương tự các BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế ta có d9pcm.
Bài 2: 2 bài đều dùng Svac cả!
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\)a=bk , c=dk
Ta có:
\(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{\left(dk+d\right)^2}=\)\(\frac{\left(b\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}{\left(d\left(k+1\right)\right)^2}=\frac{b^2\times\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\times\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)( 1 )
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(bk\right)^2+b^2}{\left(dk\right)^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\times k^2+b^2}{d^2\times k^2+d^2}\)= \(\frac{b^2\times\left(k^2+1\right)}{d^2\times\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(dpcm)
* Giả sử tất cả các tỷ lệ thức đều có nghĩa.
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\times\frac{b}{d}=\frac{b}{d}\times\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{2ab}{2cd}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{c^2+2cd+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(ĐPCM)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhua ta có :
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
Mà \(\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a}{d}\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3\)
đpcm
\(VT=\frac{\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{2abc}+\Sigma\frac{a^2}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\Sigma a^2\left(b+c\right)+2abc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{x^2y^2z^2}\)(1) với x+y+z=0. Bạn quy đồng vế trái (1) dc \(\frac{x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2}{x^2y^2z^2}=\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2-2\left(x+y+z\right)xyz}{x^2y^2z^2}\)
aaps dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{c+d+b}\)
\(\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a.b.c}{b.c.d}=\frac{a}{d}\)
=>đpcm
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}.\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}=\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a}{d}\)
Vậy \(\left(\frac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\right)^3=\frac{a}{d}\)