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GT | △ABC. △ABF đều. △ACE đều |
KL | BE = CF |
Bài giải:
Vì △ABF đều => AB = BF = AF và ABF = AFB = FAB = 60o (1)
Vì △ACE đều => AC = CE = AE và ACE = AEC = CAE = 60o (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => FAB = CAE = 60o
Ta có: FAC = FAB + BAC
BAE = CAE + BAC
Mà FAB = CAE (cmt)
=> FAC = BAE
Xét △FAC và △BAE
Có: AF = AB (cmt)
FAC = BAE (cmt)
AC = AE (cmt)
=> △FAC = △BAE (c.g.c)
=> FC = BE (2 cạnh tương ứng)
Gọi M là trung điểm của BC, ta có:
AM = MB = 1/2 BC = a (tính chất tam giác vuông)
Suy ra MA = MB = AB = a
Suy ra ∆ AMB đều ⇒ ∠ (ABC) = 60 0
Mặt khác: ∠ (ABC) + ∠ (ACB) = 90 0 (tính chất tam giác vuông)
Suy ra: ∠ (ACB) = 90 0 - ∠ (ABC) = 90 0 – 60 0 = 30 0
Trong tam giác vuông ABC, theo Pi-ta-go, ta có: B C 2 = A B 2 + A C 2
⇒ A C 2 = B C 2 - A B 2 = 4 a 2 - a 2 = 3 a 2 ⇒ AC = a 3
Vậy S A B C = 1/2 .AB.AC
= 1 2 a . a 3 = a 2 3 2 ( đ v d t )
Xét tam giác ABD và tam giác FBC có:
AB=FB ( cạnh tam giác đều FAB)
DB=BC ( cạnh tam giác đều DBC)
góc ABD = góc FBC ( cùng bằng góc ABC + 60 độ)
Suy ra tam giác ABD = tam giác FBC (C.G.C)
=> FC=AD
thiếu cái gì?
cái này chỉ là 1 phần trong bài, mấy phần kia biết làm rồi
ta có : góc EBN = góc FCA(1)
lại có : góc EBC = 90 độ ; FCB = 90 độ
=> EBC = FBC (2)
từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
góc PBC = góc PCB
tiếp tục có:
\(\widehat{BPH}+\widehat{CPH}=2.\widehat{EBP}\)
mà \(2.\widehat{EBP}=\widehat{PBC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{BPH}+\widehat{CPH}=\widehat{PBC}\)
\(mà\widehat{BPH}+\widehat{CPH=}\widehat{BPC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{PBC}=\widehat{PBC}=\widehat{PCB}\)
từ đó suy ra : tam giác PBC là tam giác đều
( bn không hỉu chỗ nào thì hỏi lại mình nhe)
Theo hình vẽ thì $PBC$ làm sao mà là tam giác đều được nhỉ?
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Không vẽ hình vì sợ duyệt
Gọi I là giao điểm của BD và CF, ta cần chứng minh AE đi qua I.
\(\Delta ABF\)và \(\Delta ACD\)đều nên \(AB=AF,AD=AC\)và \(\widehat{BAF}=\widehat{DAC}=60^0\)
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{BAF}+\widehat{BAC}=\widehat{DAC}+\widehat{BAC}\)\(\Rightarrow\widehat{BAD}=\widehat{FAC}\)
Xét \(\Delta ABD\)và \(\Delta AFC\)ta có: \(AB=AF\left(cmt\right);\widehat{BAD}=\widehat{CAF}\left(cmt\right);AD=AC\left(cmt\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABD=\Delta AFC\left(c.g.c\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\widehat{ABD}=\widehat{AFC}\\\widehat{ADB}=\widehat{ACF}\end{cases}}\)
Do B, I, D thẳng hàng và C, I ,F thẳng hàng nên ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}\widehat{ABI}=\widehat{AFI}\\\widehat{ADI}=\widehat{ACI}\end{cases}}\)và từ đó ta có các tứ giác IAFB và IADC nội tiếp.
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\widehat{AIB}+\widehat{AFB}=180^0\\\widehat{AIC}+\widehat{ADC}=180^0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\widehat{AIB}=180^0-\widehat{AFB}\\\widehat{AIC}=180^0-\widehat{ADC}\end{cases}}\)
Do các tam giác ABF và ACD đều nên \(\widehat{AFB}=\widehat{ADC}=60^0\), từ đó dễ dàng tính được \(\widehat{AIB}=\widehat{AIC}=120^0\)
Mà \(\widehat{AIB}+\widehat{AIC}+\widehat{BIC}=360^0\)nên ta cũng dễ dàng tính ra \(\widehat{BIC}=120^0\)
Mặt khác tam giác BCE đều nên \(\widehat{BEC}=60^0\)
Tứ giác IBEC có \(\widehat{BIC}+\widehat{BEC}=60^0+120^0=180^0\)nên tứ giác IBEC nội tiếp
\(\Rightarrow\widehat{BIE}=\widehat{BCE}\), lại có \(\widehat{BCE}=60^0\)do tam giác BCE đều nên \(\widehat{BIE}=60^0\)
Ta có \(\widehat{AIE}=\widehat{AIB}+\widehat{BIE}=120^0+60^0=180^0\)nên I thuộc AE hay AE đi qua I
Mà I chính là giao điểm của BD, CF
\(\Rightarrow\)AE, BD, CF đồng quy.