Cho \(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z\le3\end{cases}}\)Chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
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chứng minh \(\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\)
ta có \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2+1\ge2x\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{1+x^2}\le1\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow y^2+1\ge2y\Leftrightarrow\frac{2y}{1+y^2}\le1\)
\(\left(z-1\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow z^2+1\ge2z\Leftrightarrow\frac{2z}{1+z^2}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{1+x^2}+\frac{2y}{1+y^2}+\frac{2x}{1+z^2}\le3\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
chứng minh \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
ta lại có \(\frac{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}\)
vậy \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{\left(1+x\right)+\left(1+y\right)+\left(1+z\right)}{3}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
kết hợp ta có \(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\le\frac{3}{2}\le\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{2015}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\) (do x+y+z = 2015)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)=0\)
đến đây tự lm nốt nha
a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+y\right)=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-x\right)=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(y+1\right)\left(2y-1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\y=-1;y=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot y=-1\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1;x=\frac{1}{2}\\0=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot x=2y\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2y-1\right)5y=0\\0=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=0\Rightarrow x=0\\y=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)
\(y=-2x\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0=0\\\left(1-2x\right)5x=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow y=-1\\x=0\Rightarrow y=0\end{cases}}\)
b) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\frac{21}{8}\\\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}=\frac{37}{6}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)^2+y^2=\frac{37}{6}y\left(\frac{21}{8}-y\right)\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\2y^2-\frac{21}{4}y+\frac{441}{64}=-\frac{37}{6}y^2+\frac{259}{16}y\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{21}{8}-y\\1568y^2-4116y+1323=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{3}{8}\\y=\frac{9}{4}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{9}{4}\\y=\frac{3}{8}\end{cases}}\)
c) \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=2\\\frac{2}{xy}-\frac{1}{z^2}=4\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(2-\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x-y\right)^2=-4x^2y^2+2xy\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}8x^2y^2-4x^2y-4xy^2+x^2+y^2-2xy+2xy=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}4x^2y^2-4x^2y+x^2+4x^2y^2-4xy^2+y^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2xy-x\right)^2+\left(2xy-y\right)^2=0\\\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{2}{xy}-4\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=y=\frac{1}{2}\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
d) \(\hept{\begin{cases}xy+x+y=71\\x^2y+xy^2=880\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=S\\xy=P\end{cases}}\), ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=71\\SP=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P\left(71-P\right)=880\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=71-P\\P^2-71P+880=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=16\\P=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=16\\xy=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y\left(16-y\right)=55\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=16-y\\y^2-16y+55=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5\\y=11\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=11\\y=5\end{cases}}\)
\(\cdot\hept{\begin{cases}S=55\\P=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=55\\xy=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y\left(55-y\right)=16\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=55-y\\y^2-55y+16=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}hay\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{55+3\sqrt{329}}{2}\\y=\frac{55-3\sqrt{329}}{2}\end{cases}}\)
e) \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\sqrt{y}+y\sqrt{x}=12\\x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}=28\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}S=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\\P=\sqrt{xy}\end{cases}}\), ta có \(\hept{\begin{cases}SP=12\\P\left(S^2-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\P\left(\frac{144}{P^2}-2P\right)=28\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}S=\frac{12}{P}\\2P^4+28P^2-144P=0\end{cases}}\)
Tự làm tiếp nhá! Đuối lắm luôn
a) ĐK: x, y, z khác 0
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\left(z+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{51}{4}\\\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2+\left(z+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{867}{16}\end{cases}}\)
\(x+\frac{1}{x}=a;y+\frac{1}{y}=b;z+\frac{1}{z}=c\)
Ta có hệ >:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b+c=\frac{867}{4}\\a^2+b^2+c^2=\frac{867}{16}\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=\frac{867}{16}\) với mọi a, b,c
"=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c
Hay \(x+\frac{1}{x}=y+\frac{1}{y}=z+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{17}{4}\) giải ra tìm x, y, z
b) Hệ đối xứng:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+y\right)+xy=2+3\sqrt{2}\\\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=6\end{cases}}\)
Đặt x+y=S, xy=P
Ta có hệ :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}S+P=2+3\sqrt{2}\\S^2-2P=6\end{cases}}\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}P=2+3\sqrt{2}-S\\S^2-2\left(2+3\sqrt{2}-S\right)=6\end{cases}}\)
Tự giải tìm S, P
=> x,y
a/ Đảo ngược lại rồi đặc \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)
b/ Dễ thấy vai trò x, y, z như nhau nên ta chỉ cần xét 1 trường hợp tiêu biểu thôi.
Xét \(x>y>z\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}< \frac{1}{y}< \frac{1}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{y}>z+\frac{1}{x}\)(trái giả thuyết)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)'
\(\Rightarrow x+\frac{1}{x}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
(uii hê lô anh Đạt nha :33 lâu mới thấy anh comeback)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{1+x+1+y+1+z}=\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}\)(1)
Từ \(x+y+z\le3\)=> \(x+y+z+3\le6\)
=> \(\frac{1}{x+y+z+3}\ge\frac{1}{6}\)
=> \(\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}\ge\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z+3}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)(đpcm)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 1
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}1+x=a\\1+y=b\\1+z=c\end{cases}}\)ta có a+b+c=3+x+y+z mà x+y+z =<3
=> a+b+c\(\le6\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{1}{6}\)ta sẽ chứng minh bài toán sau: \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\left(1\right)\)
Xét vế trái của BĐT (1) \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\)
\(=1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Với x,y,z là những số dương thì \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\ge2;\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\ge2;\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge2\)nên \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{3}{2}\). dấu "='" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1