Cho ba số a,b,c dương thỏa mãn:\(\frac{ab}{a+b}\)=\(\frac{bc}{b+c}\)=\(\frac{ca}{c+a}\)
Tính giá trị của biểu thức :M=\(\sqrt{\frac{12ab^{2015}+21bc^{2015}+15ac^{2015}}{c^{2016}+b^{2016}+a^{2016}}}\)
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Đặt \(\frac{a}{2014}=\frac{b}{2015}=\frac{c}{2016}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2014k;b=2015k;c=2016k\)
\(\Rightarrow4(a-b)(b-c)=4(2014k-2015k)(2015k-2016k)\)
\(\Rightarrow4\cdot k(2014-2015)\cdot k(2015-2016)=4\cdot k\cdot(-1)\cdot k\cdot(-1)=4\cdot k^2\)
\(\Rightarrow(c-a)(c-a)=(c-a)^2=(2016k-2014k)=[k(2016-2014)]^2=(k\cdot2)^2=k^{2\cdot4}\)
Rồi tự suy ra đấy
Bạn Namikaze Minato làm đúng rồi đấy
\(\frac{a}{2014}=\frac{b}{2015}=\frac{c}{2016}=\frac{a-b}{2014-2015}\)
\(=\frac{b-c}{2015-2016}=\frac{c-a}{2016-2014}\)
\(=\frac{a-b}{-1}=\frac{b-c}{-1}=\frac{c-a}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b=-\frac{c-a}{2};b-c=-\frac{c-a}{2}\)
do đó: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)=\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=4\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)-\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
C/m dạng tổng quát \(\frac{a^{n+1}}{b+c-a}+\frac{b^{n+1}}{c+a-b}+\frac{c^{n+1}}{a+b-c}\ge a^n+b^n+c^n\left(n\ge1\right)\)
Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c>0\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{b}{c+a-b}\ge\frac{c}{a+b-c}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Chebyshev ta có:
\(Σ\frac{a^{n+1}}{b+c-a}=Σa^n\cdot\frac{a}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{1}{3}Σa^n\cdotΣ\frac{a}{b+c-a}\geΣa^n\)
Bài 2:
Chứng minh bất đẳng thức Mincopxki \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}\text{ }\left(1\right)\)
(bình phương vài lần + biến đổi tương đương)
\(S\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}\)
\(t=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le\left(\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(S\ge\sqrt{t+\frac{81}{t}}=\sqrt{t+\frac{81}{16t}+\frac{1215}{16t}}\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{t.\frac{81}{16t}}+\frac{1215}{16.\frac{9}{4}}}=\frac{\sqrt{153}}{2}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}.\)
Ta có : \(P=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+3=\frac{2a+3b+3c+1}{2015+a}+1+\frac{3a+2b+3c}{2016+b}+1+\frac{3a+3b+2c-1}{2017+c}+1\)
\(=\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2015+a}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2016+b}+\frac{3a+3b+3c+2016}{2017+c}\)
\(=\left(3a+3b+3c+2016\right)\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)
\(=4.2016\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\) \(\left(a+b+c=2016\right)\)
\(=8064.\left(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\right)\)
Vì a ; b ; c dương , áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\), ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2015+a}+\frac{1}{2016+b}+\frac{1}{2017+c}\ge\frac{9}{2015+2016+2017+a+b+c}=\frac{9}{8064}\)
\(\Rightarrow P+3\ge8064.\frac{9}{8064}=9\) \(\Rightarrow P\ge6\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2015+a=2016+b=2017+c\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b+1=c+2\\a+b+c=2016\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=673;b=672;c=671\)
Vậy ...
Bài 3:
Ta có:\(|\frac{a}{2}-\frac{b}{3}|+|\frac{b}{4}-\frac{c}{3}|+|a+b+c-58|=0.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{2}-\frac{b}{3}=0\\\frac{b}{4}-\frac{c}{3}=0\\a+b+c-58=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}\\\frac{b}{4}=\frac{c}{3}\\a+b+c=58\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a}{8}=\frac{b}{12}=\frac{c}{9}\\a+b+c=58\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{8+12+9}=\frac{58}{29}=2\)
=> a/8=2 Vậy a=16
=> b/12=2 Vậy b=24
=> c/9=2 Vậy c=18