cho x,y,z dương thỏa mãn \(5\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge14\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\). tìm GTNN và GTLN của \(P=\dfrac{2x+z}{x+2z}\)
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Cho ba số thực dương x;y;z thoả mãn \(5\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge14\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\) Tìm giá trị lớn nhất nhỏ nh... - Hoc24
Chắc đề là \(x+y+z=3\)
Ta có:
\(\left(2x+y+z\right)^2=\left(x+y+x+z\right)^2\ge4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{x}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{y}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{z}{4\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(z+x\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Mặt khác:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x+y+z\right)-xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\sqrt[3]{xyz}.\sqrt[3]{xy.yz.zx}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}.\left(x+y+z\right).\dfrac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(zy+yz+zx\right)=\dfrac{8}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{xy+yz+zx}{2.\dfrac{8}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\dfrac{3}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
\(P\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\right)}\le\sqrt{3\left(\sum\dfrac{1}{4xy+4x+4}\right)}\)
\(P\le\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{4}\sum\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+x+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Thay $x=\sqrt{\frac{1}{2,5}}; y=z=\sqrt{\frac{1}{0,25}}$ ta thấy đề sai bạn nhé!
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\ge3xyz\left(x+y+z\right)=9\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx\ge3\)
\(2\left(x^2+y^2\right)-xy\ge\left(x+y\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Tương tự và nhân vế với vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{27}{64}\left[\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\right]^2\)
Mặt khác ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-xyz\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-\sqrt[3]{xyz}.\sqrt[3]{xy.yz.zx}\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+xz\right)-\dfrac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge\dfrac{8}{9}\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}.\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{27}{64}.\dfrac{64}{81}.3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^3\ge3^3=27\) (đpcm)
\(a+b+c=1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{a^2+c^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
Dự đoán khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\) vậy dc GTNN là \(\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\), cần c/m: \(P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3}{\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{y^3z^3}{y^2+z^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3x^4y^4z^4}{x^2y^2+x^2z^2+y^2z^2}}\).Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}yz=a\\xz=b\\xy=c\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh \(Σ\frac{a^3}{\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{a^2}{b^2+c^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{\frac{3}{a^2+b^2+c^2}}\) và từ BĐT thuần nhất cuối , ta có thế khẳng định rằng \(a^2+b^2+c^2=3\)
Có nghĩa là ta cần c/m \(Σ\frac{a}{3-a^2}\ge\frac{3}{2}\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\frac{a}{3-a^2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3-a^2}\ge0\)\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\left(\frac{\left(a-1\right)\left(a+3\right)}{3-a^2}-\left(a^2-1\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\LeftrightarrowΣ\frac{a\left(a+2\right)\left(a-1\right)^2}{3-a^2}\ge0\) . XOng!
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho cặp số dương \(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)};\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(z+x\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta được
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}\le\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}\left(3\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\) ta được :
\(P=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt[]{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt[]{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{2zx}{y+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+x}+\dfrac{2xy}{z+y}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le2\left(x+y+z\right)=2.3=6\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(P\right)=6\left(tạix=y=z=1\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo:
Cho ba số thực dương x;y;z thoả mãn \(5\left(x y z\right)^2\ge14\left(x^2 y^2 z^2\right)\) Tìm giá trị lớn nhất nhỏ nh... - Hoc24